超高速激光熔覆技术的最新研究进展:关键技术特点及优势,设备研发及其技术参数

The Latest Research Progress of Extreme High-speed Laser Material Deposition:Key Technical Features and Advantages,Equipment Development and Technical Parameters

超高速激光熔覆技术是近年新开发的表面涂层技术,本质是通过改变粉末的熔化位置,使粉末在工件上方与激光交汇发生熔化,随之均匀涂覆在工件表面,从而具有优质高效、绿色低成本、高质量和高适应性、低热输入和低激光功率、低稀释率和高性能等特点。首先,简要介绍了超高速激光熔覆关键技术特点及技术优势、国内外超高速激光熔覆装备发展现状;其次,结合最新研究成果重点阐述了影响超高速激光熔覆制备的涂层最终组织结构与性能的关键技术参数(所采用的熔覆材料、激光功率、搭接率、光斑直径、熔覆速度、送粉量和送粉压力等);最后,详细介绍了超高速激光熔覆制备的涂层质量检测参数,包括熔覆层厚度、结合强度、孔隙率、稀释率、表面粗糙度、硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性等熔覆效果。通过综述超高速激光熔覆技术的特点、优势以及关键技术参数,以期为超高速激光熔覆技术的进一步改进与提升、设备研制等方面取得更多进展提供借鉴和指导。

Extreme high-speed laser material deposition technology is a newly developed surface coating technology in recent years.The essence is that by changing the melting position of the powder,the powder intersects with the laser above the workpiece and melting occurs,and then uniformly coated on the surface of the workpiece,thus featuring high quality and efficiency,green and low cost,high quality and adaptability,low heat input and low laser power,low dilution rate and high performance.Firstly,it briefly introduces the key technology features and technical advantages of extreme high-speed laser material deposition,the development status of ultra-high-speed laser cladding equipment at home and abroad;secondly,the key technical parameters such as melting material,laser power,lap rate,spot diameter,melting speed,powder feeding volume and powder feeding pressure,which affect the final structure and properties of coatings prepared by ultra-high speed laser melting,are highlighted with the latest research results;finally,the quality inspection parameters of coatings prepared by ultra-high speed laser melting are introduced in detail,including the melting effect of melting layer thickness,bond strength,porosity,dilution rate,surface roughness,hardness,wear resistance and corrosion resistance,etc..By summarizing the characteristics,advantages and key technical parameters of extreme high-speed laser material deposition technology,with a view to providing reference and guidance for further improvement and enhancement of extreme high-speed laser material deposition technology and more progress in equipment development.