基于知识转化模式的家庭康复训练对老年骨折患者康复效果的影响

The rehabilitation effect of family rehabilitation training based on knowledge transformation mode on elderly fracture patients

目的 探讨基于知识转化模式的家庭康复训练对老年骨折患者术后功能恢复和生活质量的影响。方法 选取2021年1月~2023年1月于首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院接受手术治疗的127例老年髋部骨折患者,根据入院时间先后排序进行简单分组,单数为对照组(n=63),偶数为观察组(n=64)。对照组接受常规康复训练,观察组在此基础上采用知识转化模式进行家庭康复训练,包括知识传递、知识应用和知识评估3个阶段。比较两组患者的生活质量、日常生活功能恢复情况、并发症发生率、满意度、病死率和再骨折率。结果 观察组患者出院后1、3、6个月的生活质量评分、日常生活功能恢复评分、满意度均高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者出院后6个月内并发症总发生率为6.25%(4/64),低于对照组患者的33.33%(21/63),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.730,P<0.05)。观察组患者出院后6个月内的病死率为1.56%(1/64),低于对照组患者的15.87%(10/63),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.218,P<0.05)。观察组患者出院后6个月内的再骨折率为3.12%(2/64),低于对照组患者的19.05%(12/63),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.206,P<0.05)。结论 基于知识转化模式的家庭康复训练可以提高老年骨折患者的生活质量和功能恢复,降低并发症发生率,提高患者满意度,值得应用。

Objective To explore the effect of home rehabilitation training based on knowledge translation model on the postoperative functional recovery and quality of life of elderly fracture patients.Methods From January 2021 to January 2023,we chose 130 senior patients with fractures who received surgery in our hospital and randomly assigned them into two groups:observation group and control group,each with 65 cases.The control group underwent conventional rehabilitation training,while the observation group followed home rehabilitation training based on knowledge translation model,which consisted of three phases:knowledge dissemination,knowledge implementation and knowledge assessment.We compared the two groups in terms of quality of life scores(SF-36),functional recovery(BI),complication rate,satisfaction,mortality rate and re-fracture rate at 1 month,3 months and 6 months after discharge.Results At 6 months after discharge,the observation group had significantly better SF-36 and BI than the control group(P<0.05).The observation group also had significantly lower complication rate,mortality rate and re-fracture rate within 6 months after discharge than the control group(χ^(2)=14.730,8.218,8.206,P<0.05).The observation group expressed significantly higher satisfaction scores on hospital service,family service,rehabilitation effect,life status and other aspects than the control group(t=13.019,P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life and functional recovery of senior patients with fractures can be enhanced by home rehabilitation training based on knowledge translation model,which can also lower the complication rate and boost the satisfaction.It is worth promoting and applying this method.