论施蛰存现代派小说中的生死本能——以《梅雨之夕》《将军底头》为例

On the Life and Death Instinct in Shi Zhecun's Modernist Novels——A Case Study of One Rainy Evening and General's Head

施蛰存的现代派小说借助弗洛伊德心理分析理论,用富有个性的文学笔法表现了现代人生本能与死本能的冲突与融合。其代表性小说集《梅雨之夕》《将军底头》中,大量的内心独白和跳跃式的疯狂联想,令无意识中建设性的生本能与破坏性的死本能共存,暗合小说“爱与死”的主题。生本能主要表现为产生爱欲、超现实幻想和逃避危险,死本能呈现死亡意识、攻击冲动和秩序解构等特征。小说实现心理分析理论与小说艺术的共融,呈现现实主义和现代主义结合、现实与超现实交织的特点。

With the help of Freudian psychoanalysis theory,Shi Zhecun's modernist novels express the conflict and fusion of modern life instinct and death instinct with his unique literary style.A large number of inner monologues and crazy associations in his representative novels one rainy Evening and General's Head make the unconscious constructive life instinct and destructive death instinct coexist,which is in line with the theme of"love and death"in the novel.The life instinct mainly shows the characteristics of love,surrealistic fantasy and escape from danger,while the death instinct shows the characteristics of death consciousness,attack impulse and order deconstruction.The novel realizes the integration of psychoanalytic theory and novel art,showing the characteristics of the combination of realism and modernism,and the interweaving of reality and surrealism.