蚯蚓原位处理牛粪产生蚯蚓粪对设施番茄产量和土壤改良的影响

Effects of 0x09Earthworm in Situ Treatment of Cow Dung to Produce Earthworm Manure on Tomato Yield and Soil Improvement in Greenhouse

比较蚯蚓原位处理牛粪产生蚯蚓粪和常规有机肥处理对设施番茄产量和土壤改良的影响,为设施蔬菜可持续发展提供理论依据。以2个番茄品种为材料,利用上茬温室蔬菜收获后的栽培垄,在垄上直接接种蚯蚓种和牛粪,分析土壤理化性质和番茄的产量、品质。结果表明,合理的控温、控湿度可以创造蚯蚓生存环境,蚯蚓原位处理牛粪产生蚯蚓粪降低了土壤容重(P<0.05),提高了水稳性大团聚体数量(P<0.05),主要集中在2.0 mm≤Ф<3.0 mm和0.5 mm≤Ф<1.0 mm。对土壤全盐含量的影响不显著(P>0.05),对不同盐基离子的影响因品种的不同效果不同。土壤微生物含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。2个品种的番茄产量分别提高14.4%和24.7%。但对番茄品质的影响因品种的不同产生不同结果。综上所述,蚯蚓原位处理牛粪产生蚯蚓粪可显著提高设施番茄产量,显著改善土壤的物理指标,建议设施农业周边有蚯蚓养殖厂的条件下,推荐使用该方法。

In this study,the effects of earthworm in situ treatment of cow dung to produce earthworm manure and conventional organic fertilizer treatment on tomato yield and soil improvement were compared,provide the basis for the sustainable development of facility vegetables.Two tomato varieties were used as materials,earthworm and cow dung were directly inoculated on the ridge after harvesting vegetables in the previous greenhouse,the physical and chemical properties of soil and the yield and quality of tomato were analyzed.The results showed that,reasonable temperature and humidity control could create the living environment of earthworms,earthworm in situ treatment of cow dung to produce vermicompost could reduce soil bulk density(P<0.05),the number of water-stable macroaggregates was increased(P<0.05),mainly concentrated between 2.0 mm≤Ф<3.0 mm and 0.5 mm≤Ф<1.0 mm.There was no significant difference in the effect on soil total salt content(P>0.05),the effects on different base cations were different due to different varieties.There was no significant difference in soil microbial content(P>0.05).The tomato yields of the two varieties were increased by 14.4%and 24.7%,respectively.However,the effect on the quality of tomato was different due to different varieties.In summary,the in-situ treatment of cow dung by earthworms to produce earthworm manure could significantly increase the yield of greenhouse tomatoes and significantly improve the physical indicators of the soil.It was recommended to use this method under the condition that there are earthworm farms around the facility agriculture.