2株贝莱斯芽孢杆菌在上海葡萄上的应用

Application of Two Strains of Bacillus spp. in Grape of Shanghai

探究2株贝莱斯芽孢杆菌结合有机肥使用对阳光玫瑰生长和果实品质的影响,进一步扩大葡萄上微生物菌肥的应用范围。2020年11月将贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis) YH-18、贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(B.velezensis) YH-20这2株微生物菌剂应用于上海市奉贤区种植的阳光玫瑰葡萄上。葡萄种植土壤施用2种微生物液体菌剂,按照菌液∶水=1∶2的比例稀释混合,倒入打药机内,通过喷洒的方式将菌液直接喷洒覆盖在施好的园内有机肥上,施用完成后及时翻土进行覆盖。2021年3月在原地进行复施。首次施肥30 d后,YH-18、YH-20处理葡萄叶片叶绿素比对照提高10.12%、3.26%;叶片厚度比对照提高22.16%、10.80%;叶面积比对照提高23.92%、19.87%。2次施菌后,YH-18、YH-20处理果实穗重比对照提高19.55%、16.19%;单果纵径比对照提高3.15%、3.76%;果形指数有所提高。YH-18、YH-20处理果实可溶性固形物含量比对照提高20.08%、13.58%;YH-18处理可滴定酸含量较对照提高21.05%;果实含水量较对照降低2.18%、1.96%;YH-18处理果实硬度比对照提升20.9%。在园内有机肥基础上施加YH-18、YH-20微生物菌剂显著改善了葡萄生长情况,提高了果实品质,适合在葡萄种植园大范围推广。

To explore the effects of two strains of Bacillus spp.combined with organic fertilizer on the growth and fruit of sunshine rose,and to further expand the application range of microbial fertilizer on grapes.In November 2020,two strains of Bacillus velezensis YH-18 and B.velezensis YH-20 were applied to the sunshine rose grapes planted in Fengxian District of Shanghai.Two kinds of microbial liquid inoculants were applied to the grape planting soil,diluted and mixed according to the ratio of bacterial liquid∶water=1∶2,and then poured into the pesticide applicator.The bacterial liquid was directly sprayed on the applied organic fertilizer in the garden by spraying,and the soil was covered in time after application.In March 2021,the in situ reapplication was carried out.30 days after the first application,the chlorophyll content of grape leaves in the YH-18 and YH-20 treatment groups increased by 10.12%and 3.26%compared with the control;the leaf thickness increased by 22.16%and 10.80%compared with the control;the leaf area increased by 23.92%and 19.87%compared with the control.After two times of application,the ear weight ratio of grapes in the YH-18 and YH-20 treatment groups increased by 19.55%and 16.19%compared with the control;the longitudinal diameter of single fruit increased by 3.15%and 3.76%compared with the control;the fruit shape index was improved.The soluble solids content of grapes in the YH-18 and YH-20 treatment groups increased by 22.08%and 13.58%compared with the control;the titratable acid content of grapes in the YH-18 treatment group increased by 21.05%compared with the control;the water content of grapes decreased by 2.18%and 1.96%compared with the control;the hardness of grapes in the YH-18 treatment group increased by 20.9%compared with the control.The application of YH-18 and YH-20 microbial inoculants on the basis of organic fertilizer in the garden significantly improved the growth of grapes and improved the quality of fruits,which is suitable for widespread promotion in grape plantations.