高素质农民培育对农民增收的影响实证

Empirical Study on the Impact of Cultivating High Quality Farmers on Increasing Farmers’ Income

高素质农民培育为乡村振兴战略实施输送可用的乡村人才,农业强国建设的最终目标之一是农民收入大幅增长与农业现代化实现。高素质农民培育是否有助于农民增收一直未得到严谨证实,基于2023年对湖北省高素质农民培育的调查数据和2016—2022年培育的职业农民数据,采用Ologit模型和中介效应模型进行了回归分析。结果表明:(1)无论农民的身份属性或者个体属性如何,参与高素质农民培训和培训时限的增加均有利于带动农户收入提增;(2)高素质农民培育推进农户收入增主要通过技能改善、丰富理论、人脉拓展这3个中间渠道变量实现,均存在完全的中介效应;(3)培育高素质农民进行规模经营生产也需要推进“适度规模经营”。据此,提出了强化资金支出、扩大培育规模,深化培育课程改革、提升专业性和建立健全培训后增收考核机制等建议。

High quality farmers are cultivated to provide usable rural talents for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,one of the ultimate goals of building a strong agricultural country is to significantly increase farmers’income and achieve agricultural modernization.Whether cultivating high-quality farmers can help increase farmers’income has not been rigorously confirmed.Therefore,based on the survey data of cultivating high-quality farmers in Hubei Province in 2023 and the data of cultivating professional farmers from^(2)016 to 2022,regression analysis was conducted using Ologit model and mediation effect model.The results indicated that:①Regardless of the identity attribute of individual attribute of farmers,participating in high-quality farmer training and increasing the training time limit are beneficial for driving an increase in farmers’income.②The cultivation of high-quality farmers promotes the increase of farmers’income mainly through three intermediate channel variables:skill improvement,theoretical enrichment,and network expansion,all of which have a complete mediating effect.③The cultivation of high-quality farmers through large-scale production also requires the promotion of“moderate scale operation”.Based on this,suggestions were put forward to strengthen funding expenditures,expand the scale of cultivation,deepen the reform of cultivation courses,enhance professionalism,and establish a sound mechanism for assessing post training income.