拉曼光谱在碳纤维增强复合材料性能研究中的应用

Application of Raman Spectroscopy in the Study of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials’Properties

碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)因其高强度、高模量、轻质化、耐腐蚀等卓越性能,在航空航天领域中的应用日趋广泛。CFRP的生产工艺、服役环境会对CFRP的微观结构造成影响,从而改变其拉伸、剪切等力学性能、界面性能以及热电性能。为了提升CFRP的结构稳定性,保证其性能和服役安全性,对CFRP进行原位、无损的微观结构检测,损伤识别与监测工作具有重要意义。拉曼光谱法作为一种高分辨率、非破坏性的检测技术,能够用于碳纤维取向、结晶度以及界面相互作用等微观结构特性的测试表征,继而评估材料的组分、缺陷、变形等情况。该文概述了CFRP在航空航天领域减轻飞行器重量、吸收电磁波等方面的应用优势,总结了拉曼光谱用于CFRP结构表征、力学性能和热电性能研究、高温损伤过程研究的场景和原理,以及使用拉曼光谱分析检测CFRP时的注意事项,以期为CFRP在航空航天领域的性能优化、质量保证、服役行为监控等方面提供理论支持和实践指导。

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)is extensively utilized in the aerospace industry due to its exceptional properties including high strength,high modulus,lightweight,and corrosion resistance.The microstructure of CFRP is susceptible to variations induced by manufacturing process⁃es and service environments,which can subsequently alter its mechanical properties such as tensile and shear strengths,interfacial performance,and thermoelectric characteristics.To bolster the structural integrity and ensure the performance and service safety of CFRP,in-situ and non-destruc⁃tive microstructural testing,damage identification,and monitoring are of significant importance.Raman spectroscopy,as a non-destructive testing technique with high resolution capabilities,can be employed for characterizing microstructural features such as carbon fiber orientation,crystallinity,and interfacial interactions,which enables the evaluation of the composition,defects,and deforma⁃tions of the material.This article outlines the advantages of applying CFRP in the aerospace field,such as weight reduction for aircraft and electromagnetic wave absorption,and summarizes the princi⁃ples and applications of Raman spectroscopy in structural characterization,physical property re⁃search,and investigation of high-temperature damage processes in CFRP.Additionally,it address⁃es considerations when using Raman spectroscopy for the analysis and detection of CFRP.The aim is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for optimizing performance,ensuring quality as⁃surance,and monitoring service behavior of CFRP in aerospace industry.