机器人导航辅助下股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的随机对照研究

Randomized controlled study on treatment of intertrochanteric fracture of femur with proximal femoral nail antirotation assisted by robot navigation

目的探讨机器人导航辅助下股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)与C型臂X射线机透视下PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折(IFOF)的疗效。方法选择我院单侧IFOF患者100例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(50例)和机器人辅助组(50例),对照组在C型臂X射线机透视下行PFNA内固定治疗,机器人辅助组在机器人导航辅助下行PFNA内固定治疗。比较2患者组手术指标、骨折复位及骨折愈合情况、应激反应指标、髋关节功能、生活质量评分以及手术相关并发症发生率。结果机器人辅助组患者手术时间、总透视时间、置钉时间、骨折愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.05),术中出血量、导针调整次数、透视次数少于对照组(P<0.05)。机器人辅助组患者骨折复位情况、骨折愈合情况均优于对照组(P<0.05)。术后2 d,2组患者血清去甲肾上腺素(NE)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平均高于术前(P<0.05);机器人辅助组术后2 d血清NE、Ang II、SOD水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者术后7 d、术后3个月Harris评分及健康状况调查量表(SF-36)评分高于术前(P<0.05),且术后3个月上述评分高于术后7 d(P<0.05);术后7 d、术后3个月,机器人辅助组患者Harris评分、SF-36评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。机器人辅助组患者并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论与C型臂X射线机透视相比,机器人导航辅助下PFNA治疗IFOF能进一步缩短手术时间、减小手术创伤及降低并发症发生率,骨折复位、愈合效果更佳,机体应激更小,更能改善患者髋关节功能及生活质量。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA)assisted by robot navigation and PFNA guided by C-arm X-ray machine for the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture of femur(IFOF).Methods The 100 patients with unilateral IFOF in our hospital were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into the control group(50 cases)and the robot-assisted group(50 cases)according to random number table method.The control group was treated with PFNA internal fixation under C-arm X-ray machine fluoroscopy,and the robot-assisted group was treated with PFNA internal fixation assisted by robot navigation.Surgical indicators,fracture reduction and fracture healing,stress response indexes,hip joint function,quality of life score and incidence of surgery related complications were compared between the two groups.Results The operation time,total fluoroscopy time,nail placement time and fracture healing time of the robot-assisted group were shorter than those of the control group(P<0.05);and the intraoperative blood loss,guide needle adjustment frequency,and fluoroscopy frequency of the robot-assisted group were less than those of the control group(P<0.05).The fracture reduction and fracture healing in the robot-assisted group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Two days after operation,the levels of serum norepinephrine(NE),angiotensin II(Ang II)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the two groups were higher than those before operation(P<0.05),and the levels of serum NE,Ang II and SOD in the robot-assisted group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The Harris score and 36-item short-form(SF-36)score of patients 7 days and 3 months after surgery in the two groups were higher than those before surgery(P<0.05),and the above scores 3 months after surgery were higher than those 7 days after surgery(P<0.05).Harris score and SF-36 score 7 days and 3 months after operation in the robot-assisted group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the robot-assisted group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with the C-arm X-ray machine fluoroscopy,the treatment of IFOF with PFNA assisted by robot navigation can further shorten the operation time,reduce the surgical trauma and the incidence of complications,achieve better effect of fracture reduction and healing,reduce stress response of the body,and improve hip joint function and quality of life for patients.