脱细胞真皮基质和带蒂颊脂垫瓣修复颊部软组织缺损的对比研究

Comparative study of acellular dermal matrix and pedicle buccal fat pad flap in repairing buccal soft tissue defect

目的比较脱细胞真皮基质(ADM)和带蒂颊脂垫瓣(PBFPF)修复颊部软组织缺损的效果。方法选取我院84例行颊黏膜缺损修复的患者,随机分为ADM组和PBFPF组,每组42例。ADM组患者采用ADM修复,PBFPF组患者使用PBFPF修复。比较2组患者修复时间、经口进食时间、住院时间。于术前、术后1周、术后1个月、术后6个月测量并比较患者的最大开口度,记录患者的修复有效率及并发症发生情况。观察患者术后口腔颌面部功能(吞咽功能、语言功能、咀嚼功能)改善情况。结果2组患者修复时间、经口进食时间、住院时间、并发症总发生率、术后吞咽功能、术后语言功能比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ADM组与PBFPF组患者最大开口度组间比较、组间与时点的交互效应差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),时点的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PBFPF组中缺损面积为>13~20 cm2的患者修复有效率高于ADM组(P<0.05)。PBFPF组患者的咀嚼功能优于ADM组(P<0.05)。结论PBFPF及ADM用于口腔黏膜组织缺损的修复各有优势,对于黏膜缺损面积较大(>13~20 cm2)的患者,PBFPF的修复效果更好。

Objective To compare the efficacies of acellular dermal matrix(ADM)and pedicle buccal fat pad flap(PBFPF)in repairing buccal soft tissue defect.Methods A total of 84 patients undergoing repair of buccal mucosa defect in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the ADM group and PBFPF group,with 42 cases in each group.Patients of the ADM group were repaired tby ADM,while patients of the the PBFPF group were repaired by PBFPF.The repair time,oral feeding time,hospital stay were compared between the two groups.The maximum opening degree of patients before surgery,and 1 week,1 month and 6 months after surgery was measured and compared.The effective rate of repair and the occurrence of complications of patients were recorded.The improvement of oral and maxillofa‐cial function(including swallowing function,language function and masticatory function)after surgery of patients were observed.Results There was no significant difference in the repair time,oral feeding time,hospital stay,total incidence of complications,postoperative swallowing function or postoperative language function between the two groups(P>0.05).The maximum opening degree had no significant difference between the ADM group and PBFPF group or in the interaction effect between groups and time points(P>0.05),but had signifi‐cant difference in the comparison of time points(P<0.05).The effective rate of repair for patients with defect area of>13~20 cm2 in the PBFPF group was higher than that in the ADM group(P<0.05).The masticatory function of patients in the PBFPF group was better than that in the ADM group(P<0.05).Conclusion Both PBFPF and ADM have advantages in the repair of oral mucosal tissue defects,and PBFPF has better repair effect in patients with larger mucosal defect area(>13~20 cm2).