基于宽窄波束变换的定向邻居发现算法研究

Research on Directional Neighbor Discovery Algorithm Based on Wide-Narrow Beamforming Transformation

无线自组网是一种无需预设基础设施的无线通信网络,它由一组带有无线收发装置的移动终端所组成,形成一个无中心、多跳、自组织的网络;自组网MAC协议的邻居发现问题是网络性能的关键,针对空中无线自组网窄波束、高动态的场景需求,提出了一种基于宽窄波束变换的定向邻居发现算法(FDBC-ND),该算法能在保证空中组网通信需求的基础上,根据窄波束、高动态的毫米波通信特点,保证天线的对准速度与时间的同步精度;通过仿真实验对邻居发现算法进行验证;仿真结果表明,FDBC-ND算法在天线的波束宽度为12°、网络节点数为20时,网络的平均邻居发现时间约为11.85 s;可以良好地应用于空中定向窄波束、高动态的场景。

Wireless ad hoc network is a wireless communication network without the need of preset infrastructure.It consists of a group of mobile terminals equipped with wireless transceiver devices,forming a decentralized,multi-hop,and self-organizing network.The neighbor discovery issue in the Medium Access Control(MAC)protocol of ad hoc networks is crucial to network performance.To meet the needs of narrow-beam and high-dynamic scenarios in airborne wireless ad hoc networks,a directional neighbor discovery algorithm based on wide-narrow beamforming transformation(FDBC-ND)is proposed.This algorithm ensures the alignment speed of antennas and the synchronization accuracy of time based on the characteristics of narrow-beam and high-dynamic millimeter-wave communication while satisfying the communication requirements of airborne networking.The neighbor discovery algorithm is verified through simulation experiments.Simulation results show that when the beam width of the antenna is 12°and the number of network nodes is 20,the average neighbor discovery time of the FDBC-ND algorithm is approximately 11.85 s.It can be effectively applied in airborne directional narrow-beam and high dynamic scenarios.