昂丹司琼联合地塞米松治疗恶性肿瘤化疗后恶心呕吐的临床效果分析

Clinical Effect Analysis of Ondansetron Combined with Dexamethasone in the Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting after Malignant Tumor Chemotherapy

目的比较恶性肿瘤化疗后恶心呕吐患者应用昂丹司琼联合地塞米松与昂丹司琼单药治疗的临床效果。方法方便选取2020年1月—2023年9月黔西南布依族苗族自治州人民医院收治的88例行化疗后恶心呕吐患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方案的不同分为研究组(44例)及对照组(44例)。对照组予以昂丹司琼单药治疗,研究组在对照组治疗基础上联合地塞米松。对比两组临床疗效、急性及延迟性恶心和呕吐控制率、不良反应发生情况。结果对照组治疗总有效率为63.64%(28/44),低于研究组的84.09%(37/44),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.768,P<0.05)。研究组急性恶心和呕吐控制率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);两组延迟性恶心和呕吐控制率、不良反应总发生率对比,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论昂斯丹琼联合地塞米松在恶性肿瘤化疗后恶心呕吐患者中应用效果显著,可有效防治化疗后的急性与延迟性恶心及呕吐症状,安全可靠,具有一定的临床价值意义。

Objective To compared the clinical efficacy of ondansetron combined with dexamethasone and ondanse-tron monotherapy in the treatment of nausea and vomiting in patients with malignant tumors after chemotherapy.Methods A total of 88 patients with nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy admitted to the Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital from January 2020 to September 2023 were conveniently selected as the re-search objects.According to the different treatment schemes,they were divided into study group(44 cases)and control group(44 cases).The control group was treated with ondansetron monotherapy,and the study group was treated with dexamethasone on the basis of the control group.The clinical efficacy,acute and delayed nausea and vomiting control rates,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of treatment in the control group was 63.64%(28/44),which was lower than 84.09%(37/44)in the study group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.768,P<0.05).The control rate of acute nausea and vomiting in the study group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the control rate of delayed nausea and vomiting and the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(all P>0.05).Conclusion The combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone has a significant effect on the treatment of nausea and vomiting in patients with malignant tumors after chemotherapy.It can effectively prevent and treat acute and delayed nausea and vomiting symptoms after chemotherapy,is safe and reliable,and has certain clinical value.