群组化母婴保健模式对高龄初产妇焦虑情绪、分娩方式的影响

Effect of group maternal-infant health care model on anxiety and delivery modes of elderly primiparas

目的:研究助产士主导的家庭群组式孕期保健服务模式对高龄初产妇焦虑情绪、分娩方式的影响。方法:将2023年1-12本院收治的高龄初产妇分为对照组(n=150)和观察组(n=170),妊娠12~14周时入组,分别采用传统助产服务、助产士主导的家庭群组式孕期保健服务模式干预。比较两组孕期增重、焦虑情绪[孕妇焦虑量表(PAS)]、妊娠压力[妊娠压力量表(PPS)]、分娩方式、不良母婴结局。结果:干预后观察组孕28周时体重(60.12±7.03 kg)、分娩前体重(63.44±7.21 kg)、孕晚期增重(3.32±1.60 kg)均低于对照组(62.94±6.53 kg、67.80±7.15 kg、4.86±2.91 kg)(均P<0.05);两组分娩前PAS评分、PPS评分均低于干预前,且观察组PAS评分(55.74±5.16分)、PPS评分(1.52±0.35分)均低于对照组(57.12±6.17分、1.64±0.32分)(均P<0.05);观察组自然分娩率(70.0%)高于对照组(54.0%)(P<0.05),不良母婴结局发生率(6.5%)与对照组(10.0%)无差异(P>0.05)。结论:助产士主导的家庭群组式孕期保健服务模式可有效控制高龄初产妇孕期体重增长,缓解焦虑情绪和妊娠压力,提高自然分娩率。

Objective:To study the effects of the midwife-led family group pregnancy health care service model for advanced primiparas on their anxiety and delivery modes.Methods:300 advanced primiparas admitted to the hospital were selected and were divided into control group(n=150)and study group(n=170)from January 2023 to December 2023.The primiparas in the control group received traditional midwifery service model intervention,while the primiparas in the study group receivedthe midwifery led-family group pregnancy health care service model intervention.The weight gain during pregnancy,the anxiety evaluated by pregnancy anxiety scale(PAS),the pregnancy pressure evaluated by pregnancy pressure scale(PPS),the delivery modes and the adverse maternal and infant outcomes of the primiparas were compared between the two groups.Results:The body weight at 28 gestational weeks(60.12±7.03kg)and before delivery(63.44±7.21kg),and the weight gain during the third trimester of pregnancy(3.32±1.60kg)of the primiparas in the study group were significantly lower than those(62.94±6.53kg,67.80±7.15kg and 4.86±2.91kg)of the primiparas in the control group(all P<0.05).The scores of PAS and PPS of the primiparas in the two groups before delivery were significantly lower than those before intervention,and the PAS score(55.74±5.16 points)and PPS score(1.52±0.35 points)of the primiparas in the study group were significantly lower than those(57.12±6.17 points and 1.64±0.32 points)of the primiparas in the control group(all P<0.05).The natural delivery rate(70.0%)of the primiparas in the study group was significantly higher than that(54.0%)of the primiparas in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of the adverse maternal and infant outcomes(6.5%)of the primiparas in the study group was similar to that(10.0%)of the primiparas in the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Midwife-led family group pregnancy health care service model for the primiparas can effectively control their weight gain during pregnancy,relieve their anxiety and pregnancy pressure and improve their natural delivery rate.