儿童青少年近视干预措施研究进展

Research progress on myopia interventions for children and adolescents

近视,尤其是高度近视,不仅对人们的健康水平与生活质量造成负面影响,更给社会带来沉重的经济负担。儿童青少年近视的原因主要有过度使用电子产品、遗传、环境、生活习惯等。研究发现,虽然药理治疗和新型眼镜在近视干预中取得一定成效,但可能引发不良反应。体医融合的干预方案不仅可以改善视力,还为医疗机构、行政部门和健康管理组织提供了可行的健康教育和促进方案,具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文通过梳理近20年来国内外相关文献,综述近视干预现状及前沿进展,揭示不同近视干预措施在我国的应用趋势,并为体医融合模式的规模应用提供理论支撑。

Myopia,especially high myopia,not only has a negative impact on people's health and quality of life,but also imposes a heavy economic burden on society.The causes of myopia in children and adolescents are mainly excessive use of electronic devices,genetics,environment,lifestyle habits,etc.Studies have found that although pharmacologic treatments and new glasses have been effective in myopia intervention,they may trigger adverse effects.The intervention program of sport-medicine integration not only improves the vision,but also provides a feasible health education and promotion program for medical institution,administrations and health management organizations,which has important theoretical and practical significance.This article summarizes the current status of myopia intervention and cutting-edge advances by combing domestic and international literature over the past 20 years,reveals the application trends of different myopia interventions in China and provides theoretical support for the large-scale application of the sport-medicine integration model.