生成式人工智能创新效应的提质优势、风险及机制保障——学习贯彻党的二十届三中全会精神

The Advantages,Risks and Mechanism Guarantees of Empowering the National Innovation System with Generative Artificial Intelligence:Study and Implement the Spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee

新一轮科技革命和产业变革、科学研究范式的转换以及生成式人工智能等新兴技术为提升国家创新体系整体效能带来了新的机遇和挑战。生成式人工智能以突破科研范式转换和边界拓展、优化管理决策的科学依据和方向引领、加速创新产出的实验过程和成果转化实现了与国家创新体系的需求契合和互动联结。生成式人工智能在构建支持全面创新体制机制方面具有重要作用,但也面临多方面风险问题:信息泄露与技术依赖的危险性、资本私有与伦理缺位的不当性、专利归属与责任认定的模糊性风险。面对这些规制难题,需要结合现实困境和发展需求,从制度层面对接国际标准建立健全创新体系、完善法律制度化解人工智能现实风险、以人才强国战略发挥技术创新效用,才能不断推进国家创新体系提质增效。

The new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change,the transformation of scientific research paradigm and the emerging technologies such as generative artificial intelligence have brought new opportunities and challenges to enha-nce the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system.Generative artificial intelligence has achieved the demand fit and interact-ive connection with the national innovation system by breaking through the transformation of scientific research paradigm and boundary expansion,optimizing the scientific basis and direction of management decision-making,and accelerating the experimental process and achievement transformation of innovation output.Generative artificial intelligence plays an important role in building systems and mecha-nisms to support comprehensive innovation,but it also causes many risk problems:the risk of information leakage and technology depen-dence,the inappropriateness of private capital and ethical absence,and the fuzzy risk of patent ownership and responsibility determination.In the face of these regulatory difficulties,it is necessary to combine the practical difficulties and development needs,establish and impr-ove the innovation system from the institutional level with international standards,improve the legal system to resolve the real risks of artificial intelligence,and use the talent power strategy to play the role of technological innovation,so as to continuously promote the quality and efficiency improvement of the national innovation system.