新业态劳动者养老保险权益保护:机制改造与政策调适

Pension Insurance Rights Protection for New Types Workers:Mechanism Reform and Policy Adjustment

新业态已成为新质生产力发展的一个重要主题,但新业态下劳动者养老保险权益保护机制依然面临着政策吸引力不足和难以适应新质生产力发展的现实挑战。实施就业优先战略,强化养老保险政策对新业态的适应性与对劳动者的吸引力,是健全新业态劳动者养老权益保护机制的路径选择。为此,应将居民基本养老保险作为新业态劳动者养老保险权益保护机制改造的基础,以低准入门槛增强政策的可及性和吸引力,将“职工—居民”二元养老保险框架下的个人账户优化改造为个人工作账户,以养老保险资金的便携性适应新业态劳动者就业的流动性,有效构造“居民基本养老保险+个人工作账户”的养老保险权益保护新机制。在新机制下,通过调适参保费率、缴费基数和转移接续政策形成适配性方案,为新业态劳动者养老保险权益保护确定底线基准,平衡新业态发展壮大的正当性和劳动者权益保护的适当性,从而进一步激活和释放新质生产力。

The new business forms has become an important direction for the development of new quality productivity,but the mechanism for protecting the rights of workers’pension insurance under the new business forms still faces the practical challenges of insufficient policy attractiveness and difficulty in adapting to the development of new quality productivity.Therefore,it is suggested to take the basic pension insurance for residents as the basis for the reform of the pension insurance rights protection mechanism for new types workers,enhance the accessibility and attractiveness of policies with low entry barriers,meanwhile optimize the personal account under the employee-resident binary pension insurance framework into a personal work account,to adapt the mobility of employment for new types workers by leveragingthe the portability of pension insurance funds,thus construct a new mechanism for the protection of pension insurance rights for new types workers,which is“resident basic pension insurance+personal work account”.Under the new mechanism,an adaptive plan is formed by adjusting the participation rate,payment base and transfer&continuation policies to establish a baseline for the pension insurance rights protection of new types workers,in order to balance the legitimacy of the development&growth of new business forms and the appropriateness of protecting the rights of workers,further activate and release new productive forces.