特长公路隧道消防供水分区方案及其数值模拟研究

Fire-fighting Water Supply Zoning Scheme of Extra-long Highway Tunnel and Its Numerical Simulation Study

消防水系统是保障隧道消防安全的重要组成部分。针对隧道高压高位消防水池给水系统管网压力大、配水方式不合理等问题,结合特长越岭公路隧道消防需水量大、给水管网复杂且连接成环的特点,提出了一种利用隧道排放地下水作为洞内消防分区供水方案,并通过EPANET软件建立了桐梓隧道全段高位消防水池供水模型及洞内横通道消防水池分区供水模型,计算了管网水压力,模拟了火灾工况。结果表明:1)桐梓隧道适宜分2区供水,在满足消防管网系统最小水压力下,分区供水和给水系统相互独立,能明显降低管网水压力,洞内消防水池加压泵供水优于重力供水;2)该方案既提高了消防管网可靠性,又充分利用了隧道地下排水,可为特长公路隧道消防供水设计和地下水综合利用提供参考。

The water fire protection system is an essential component of ensuring fire safety in tunnels.In response to issues such as high pressure in the pipeline network and unreasonable water distribution methods in the high-pressure high-level fire water tank supply system for tunnels,considering the large water demand for fire protection in long mountainous highway tunnels and the complexity and looped characteristics of the water supply network,a scheme of utilizing tunnel discharge groundwater as a zonal water supply for fire fighting in tunnels is proposed.Additionally,a supply model for the entire high-level fire water tank system of the Tongzi tunnel and a zoned supply model for fire water tanks in cross passages within the tunnel were established,by EPANET software.The pipeline network water pressure was calculated,and fire scenarios were simulated.The results show that:1)The Tongzi tunnel is suitable for a two-zone water supply system.Under the condition of meeting the minimum water pressure requirement of the fire pipeline network system,the zoned water supply ensures the independence of each water supply system and reduces pipeline network water pressure.Additionally,supplying water using pressurized pumps in the tunnel′s fire water tanks is superior to gravity-fed water supply;2)This method not only improves the reliability of the fire pipeline network but also makes full use of tunnel drainage.It can serve as a reference for the design of fire water supply systems in long highway tunnels and the comprehensive utilization of groundwater.