数字基础设施与企业新质生产力形成:理论与实证

Digital Infrastructure Empowering the Formation of New Quality Productivity in Chinese Firms

企业新质生产力是企业高质量发展的核心驱动力。如何形成并提升企业新质生产力是一个重要的研究课题。本文基于数据要素视角从企业劳动力、劳动资料和劳动对象三要素理论出发,构建了企业级新质生产力指数,并以2011—2021年中国A股上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了地区数字基础设施对企业新质生产力形成的影响。结果发现,数字基础设施显著提升了企业新质生产力水平;机制检验发现,数字基础设施通过促进企业技术创新、提升企业运营效率和增强企业人力资本赋能企业新质生产力形成;异质性检验还发现,非国有企业、制造业企业、面临行业竞争压力较大的企业、受知识产权保护较好的企业更容易受到数字基础设施的赋能效应影响。本文对数字基础设施影响企业新质生产力的机制进行的研究,能够为数字基建和企业高质量发展等相关政策制定和实施提供一定参考。

The new productivity of firms is the core driving force for their high-quality development.How to form and enhance the new productivity of firms is an important research topic.Drawing on the theory of the three elements of firms labor,labor materials,and labor objects based on data elements,this paper constructs the level of firm-level new quality productivity.Using the Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2021 as the research object,we empirically examines the impact of regional digital infrastructure on the formation of firms new quality productivity.The results show that digital infrastructure significantly enhances the level of firms new quality productivity.Mechanism testing reveals that digital infrastructure empowers the formation of firms new quality productivity by promoting technological innovation,improving operational efficiency,and enhancing human capital.Heterogeneity testing further reveals that non-state-owned enterprises,manufacturing firms,firms facing significant industry competition pressure,and firms with higher levels of intellectual property protection are more likely to benefit from the empowerment effect of digital infrastructure.This paper studies the mechanism by which digital infrastructure affects the formation of firms new quality productivity,providing reference for the formulation and implementation of policies related to digital infrastructure construction and high-quality development of Chinese firms.