19种杀菌剂对小麦条锈病菌的室内抑制作用及田间防治效果

Indoor Inhibitory Effects and Field Control Efficacy of 19 Fungcides to Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici

【目的】探明不同杀菌剂对小麦条锈病菌的室内生物活性、田间防效及使用量,为各杀菌剂的精准使用提供科学依据。【方法】采用离体叶段法测定生产中常用的25%吡唑醚菌酯SC、250 g/L嘧菌酯SC、250 g/L丙环唑EC等19种杀菌剂对小麦条锈病菌的室内毒力,并评价不同药剂、有效药剂不同剂量对条锈病的田间防效。【结果】19种杀菌剂对小麦条锈病菌的EC50为0.143~35.986 mg/L,其中,25%吡唑醚菌酯SC、50%叶菌唑WG、250 g/L嘧菌酯SC、430 g/L戊唑醇SC、250 g/L丙环唑EC、12.5%氟环唑SC、30%丙硫菌唑SC、30%氟菌唑WP和250 g/L粉唑醇SC等9种药剂对小麦条锈病菌的EC50<1 mg/L。19种杀菌剂对小麦条锈病的田间防效为13.33%~91.26%,其中,250 g/L丙环唑EC、430 g/L戊唑醇SC、50%叶菌唑WG、25%三唑酮WP和30%丙硫菌唑SC等5种药剂平均防效高于80%。【结论】结合室内毒力测定EC50与田间防效,筛选出250g/L丙环唑EC、430 g/L戊唑醇SC、50%叶菌唑WG、30%丙硫菌唑SC、12.5%氟环唑SC和250 g/L粉唑醇SC等6种药剂为小麦条锈病的有效防治药剂,推荐最低使用量依次分别为62.55 g/hm^(2)、80.70 g/hm^(2)、62.55 g/hm^(2)、75.00 g/hm^(2)、23.40 g/hm^(2)和93.75 g/hm^(2)。

【Objective】The effects of different fungicides on the indoor biological activity and field control efficacy of Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici(Pst)and the application amounts were studied to provide the scientific basis for accurately using the fungicides.【Method】A detached leaf method was used to determine the indoor toxicity of 19 fungicides,including 25%pyraclostrobin SC,250 g/L azoxystrobin SC,250 g/L propiconazole EC,to Pst.The field control efficacy of different fungicides and different application amount on Pst were evaluated.【Result】EC50 of 19 fungicides to Pst ranged from 0.143 mg/L to 35.986 mg/L,among which the EC50 of 25%pyraclostrobin SC,50%metconazole WG,250 g/L azoxystrobin SC,430 g/L tebuconazol SC,250 g/L propiconazole EC,12.5%epoxiconazole SC,30%prothioconazole SC,30%triflumizole WP and 250 g/L flutriafol SC to Pst was lower than 1 mg/L.The field control efficacy of 19 fungicides to Pst ranged from 13.33%to 91.26%,among which the average control efficacy of 250 g/L propiconazole EC,430 g/L tebuconazol SC,50%metconazole WG,25%triadimefon WP and 30%prothioconazole SC were all higher than 80%.【Conclusion】Considering the indoor toxicity determination of EC50 and field control efficacy,250 g/L propiconazole EC,430 g/L tebuconazol SC,50%metconazole WG,30%prothioconazole SC,12.5%epoxiconazole SC and 250 g/L flutriafol SC are screened as the effective fungicides against Pst.The recommended minimum usage in order is 62.55 g/hm^(2),80.70 g/hm^(2),62.55 g/hm^(2),75.00 g/hm^(2),23.40 g/hm^(2)and 93.75 g/hm^(2).