国家与社会视域下的民国北平卫生运动大会研究

Research on the Health Movement Conference in Beiping,Republic of China from the Perspective of State and Society

民国时期,北平公共卫生事业缓慢向前发展。1934-1937年,在清洁运动的基础上,北平市政府共组织举行了四次卫生运动大会。期间,政府及相关卫生行政机构通过与各类社会团体密切合作,开展卫生展览、舆论宣传、儿童健美比赛、清洁扫除、预防注射等丰富多样的活动,动员广大民众积极参与。卫生运动大会的举办,不仅在一定程度上培养了民众的卫生意识,改善了城市环境条件,促进了公共卫生的现代转型,而且透视出国家与社会互动的多层次面相,体现了国家权力对社会事务和民众日常生活的渗透和控制。

After the Republic of China,the public health industry in Beiping developed slowly.From 1934 to 1937,on the basis of previous cleaning campaigns,the Beiping Municipal Government organized four health campaign conferences.During this period,the government and relevant health administrative agencies closely cooperated with various social organizations to carry out a variety of activities such as health exhibitions,public opinion promotion,children’s fitness competitions,cleaning and cleaning,and preventive injections,mobilizing the active participation of the general public.The holding of the Health Movement Conference has not only cultivated public awareness of hygiene to a certain extent,improved urban environmental conditions,and promoted the modern transformation of public health.Moreover,it reveals the multi-level interaction between the modern state and society,reflecting the infiltration and control of state power over social affairs and the daily lives of the people.