水环境中铀酰离子荧光检测材料研究进展

Research Progress of Fluorescence Detection Materials for Uranyl Ions

铀是核能开发利用的主要原料,在铀矿开采、核电站运行、乏燃料处理等环节将不可避免地释放并残留到环境中,对生态环境和人类健康造成严重威胁。环境中的铀常以铀酰离子(UO_(2)^(2+))的形式存在,具有较强的化学毒性和放射性。因此,需要及时有效地对环境中存在的铀进行检测,已有多种材料被设计用于UO_(2)^(2+)检测,主要包括有机材料、无机材料、MOF/COF、生物质材料和光子晶体等。本文综述了上述材料的优缺点,旨在对铀酰离子检测材料的研究提供新思路。

Uranium is the main raw material for the development and utilization of nuclear energy.It can be inevitably released and re-mained into the environment during processes of uranium mining,nuclear power plant operation,spent fuel disposal and other activities,posing a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health.Uranium often exists in the environment as a form of uranyl ion(UO_(2)^(2+)),which has strong chemical toxicity and radioactivity.Therefore,it is necessary to detect UO_(2)^(2+)in the environment in a timely and effective manner.A variety of materials have been designed for UO_(2)^(2+)detection,mainly including organic materials,inorganic materials,MOF/COF,biomass materials and pho-tonic crystals.In this paper,the advantages and challenges of the above materials are reviewed,aiming at providing new ideas for the research of uranyl ion detection materials.