生成式AI热潮给高等教育带来的挑战和思考

Challenges and Reflections on Higher Education from the Generative AI Boom

随着生成式AI技术,特别是以ChatGPT为代表的大语言模型的快速发展,高等教育领域正面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战。文章通过系统梳理生成式AI技术的发展过程,分析了其在教育和科研情景中的应用现状。经文献对比和案例分析后发现,生成式AI技术在提升教学质量、促进个性化学习和提高科研效率方面具有显著优势,但同时也引发了数据隐私与安全、学术诚信以及责任归属等伦理和法律问题。文章进一步探讨了各国政府和国内外高校针对生成式AI技术采取的策略和具体实践,并从顶层设计、课程体系、教学模式以及潜在风险方面提出了借助生成式AI技术提升化工高等教育水平的建议,为AI时代化工卓越人才培养提供参考。

With the rapid development of generative AI technology,especially the large language model represented by ChatGPT,higher education is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges.By systematically tracing the development history of generative Al technology,this paper analyzes the current status of its application in education and scientific research.Through literature comparison and case analysis,it is found that generative AI technologies have significant advantages in improving teaching quality,promoting personalized learning and enhancing the efficiency of scientific research,but at the same time,they also raise ethical and legal issues such as data privacy and security,academic integrity and responsibility attribution.The strategies and practices adopted by governments and universities at home and abroad for generative Al technologies are further discussed,and suggestions on improving the level of chemical engineering higher education with generative AI technologies are proposed in terms of top-level design,curriculum system,teaching mode,and potential risks to provide guidance for the cultivation of outstanding chemical engineering talents in the AI era.