微创拔牙联合位点保存技术在后牙种植修复中的应用效果

Therapeutic effect of minimally invasive tooth extraction combined with ridge preservation technique on posterior tooth implant restoration

目的研究微创拔牙联合位点保存技术在后牙种植修复中的应用效果。方法队列研究。抽取2021年1月至2022年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院行后牙种植修复患者80例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组40例。对照组行微创拔牙,研究组在对照组基础上行位点保存技术。比较两组牙槽骨变化情况、种植体相关指标、整体满意度及并发症发生情况。结果拔牙半年后,两组牙槽骨高、宽及骨密度均下降,且研究组大于对照组(P<0.05);种植体修复1年后,研究组菌斑指数小于对照组,探诊深度低于对照组(P<0.05);种植体修复1年后,研究组咀嚼能力、软组织色泽、软组织附着高度、美观度及整体满意度分值均高于对照组(P均<0.05);研究组牙周感染、牙根吸收及种植体松动发生率(7.50%,3/40;7.50%,3/40;5.00%,2/40)低于对照组(27.50%,11/40;25.00%,10/40;20.00%,8/40),P<0.05。结论微创拔牙联合位点保存技术可提高后牙种植修复效果及满意度,减少并发症。

Objective To investigate the application effect of minimally invasive tooth extraction combined with ridge preservation technique in posterior tooth implant restoration.Methods A total of 80 patients who underwent posterior teeth implant restoration in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected for the cohort study.And they were divided into a control group and a research group according to the ramdom number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated by minimally invasive tooth extraction,and the research group was treated by ridge preservation technique based on the treatment of the control group.The changes in alveolar bone,implant-related indexes,overall satisfaction,and complications were compared between the two groups.Results The height,width and bone density of alveolar bone of both groups decreased,and the above indexes in the research group were larger than those in the control group 6 months after tooth extraction(P<0.05).The plaque index of the research group was smaller than that of the control group,and the probing depth was lower than that of the control group 1 year after implant restoration(P<0.05).The masticatory ability,color of soft tissues,height of attachment of soft tissues,aesthetics,and the overall satisfaction of the research group were higher than that of the control group 1 year after implant restoration(all P<0.05).The incidence of periodontal infection,root resorption and implant loosening in the research group(7.50%,3/40;7.50%,3/40;5.00%,2/40)were lower than those in the control group(27.50%,11/40;25.00%,10/40;20.00%,8/40),P<0.05.Conclusions Minimally invasive tooth extraction combined with ridge preservation technique can improve the effect and satisfaction of posterior tooth implant restoration and reduce the incidence of complications.