利用全基因组测序技术鉴定宁夏彭阳县利木赞牛的群体遗传结构

Population Genetic Structure Analysis of Limousin Cattle in Pengyang County,Ningxia Through Whole Genome Sequencing

[目的]通过全基因组测序技术分析宁夏彭阳县11头利木赞牛的群体遗传结构及遗传多样性,以揭示其遗传背景和血统纯度。[方法]利用全基因组重测序、主成分分析、系统发育树构建及祖先成分分析等生物信息学方法。[结果]在宁夏彭阳县11头利木赞牛基因组中,10头利木赞牛含有东亚普通牛、欧洲普通牛与中国瘤牛血统,其中欧洲普通牛占比最大,平均约占60%,东亚普通牛血统平均约占28%,中国瘤牛血统平均约占12%,表明10头利木赞牛与宁夏地方黄牛群体秦川牛与固原牛存在不同程度的杂交;还有1头为纯种利木赞牛。[结论]利用全基因组测序技术和生物信息学方法对宁夏彭阳县11头利木赞牛进行鉴定,其中1头为纯种利木赞牛,其余10头均为杂种利木赞牛。

[Objective] This study aimed to elucidate the genetic background and lineage purity of 11 Limousin cattle from Pengyang County,Ningxia,by investigating their population genetic structure.[Methods] Whole genome sequencing was performed on 11 Limousin cattle from Pengyang County.Additionally,comparative analysis was conducted using 50 cattle samples from published genomic repositories.Bioinformatics techniques,including principal component analysis,phylogenetic tree construction,and ancestral component analysis,were utilized to interpret the data.[Results] Among the 11 Limousin cattle analyzed,10 exhibited mixed ancestry,incorporating genetic components from East Asian indicine,European taurine,and Chinese zebu cattle.European taurine ancestry was predominant,averaging approximately 60%,followed by East Asian indicine at 28% and Chinese zebu at 12%.This indicates varying degrees of hybridization with local Ningxia breeds,specifically Qinchuan and Guyuan cattle.One Limousin cattle was identified as purebred.[Conclusion] To sum up,employing whole genome sequencing and advanced bioinformatics analysis,the genetic composition of Limousin cattle from Pengyang County,Ningxia was characterized.The study identified one purebred Limousin and 10 hybrid cattle,reflecting significant admixture with regional cattle breeds.