2020—2022年绵阳市疾病预防控制机构能力调查分析

Investigation and analysis on the capacity of disease prevention and control institutions in Mianyang City from 2020 to 2022

目的 分析2020—2022年绵阳市疾病预防控制机构(以下简称“疾控机构”)基础能力现状,为疾控机构改革和有部门合理配置疾控资源提供参考资料。方法 采用文献研究和在线问卷调查方法,2023年1月对绵阳市2020—2022年各级疾控机构基本情况、人员配置、能力建设财政保障、实验室建设和信息化建设等方面的数据收集分析。使用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行统计学分析,构成比(率)的差异比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果 绵阳市不同级别疾控机构人员学历构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=55.181,P<0.001);职称结构差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.224,P<0.001)。各县(市、区)疾控机构能力建设发展不均衡,财政经费投入差异较大,2020—2022年经费投入最高与最低的县(市、区)疾控机构差异分别达到116.45万元/年、74.64万元/年和51.49万元/年;实验室能力差异明显,高新区疾控实验室能力建设滞后;信息化建设差异较大,最小的专用机房面积为6 m^(2),较绵阳市专用机房平均面积26.64 m^(2)有较大差距。结论 绵阳市疾控机构存在编制不足、人员流失和基层人员缺乏等问题。应落实人员编制和经费保障,提升人员学历和职称结构,重视区域疾控机构发展均衡性,提升该市疾控机构整体能力和水平。

Objective To analyze the current situation of basic capacity of disease prevention and control institutions(hereinafter referred as“CDC”)in Mianyang City from 2020 to 2022,and to provide reference for the reform of CDC and the rational allocation of disease prevention and control resources by relevant departments.Methods Through literature research and online questionnaire survey methods,data of basic situation,personnel allocation,financial support for capacity building,laboratory construction and information technology construction of CDC at all levels in Mianyang City from 2020 to 2022 were collected and analyzed in January 2023.Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 20.0 software,and the difference in constituent ratios/rates was compared byχ^(2) test,with a test level ofα=0.05.Results There were statistically significant differences in the educational composition of the personnel(χ^(2)=55.181,P<0.001)and the professional title structure(χ^(2)=18.224,P<0.001)among different levels of CDC in Mianyang City.The development of capacity building of CDC in various counties/cities/districts was uneven,and the difference in financial funding investment was large.The differences between the counties/cities/districts with the highest and lowest funding investment from 2020 to 2022 reached 1164500 yuan,746400 yuan and 514900 yuan,respectively.There were obvious differences in the laboratory capabilities,and the construction of laboratory capabilities of Gaoxin Center for Disease Control and Prevention lagged behind.There were significant differences in the information technology construction,with the smallest dedicated computer room covering an area of 6 square meters,which was a big gap compared with the average area of 26.64 square meters of dedicated computer rooms in the whole city.Conclusions Insufficient staffing,personnel turnover and a lack of grassroots personnel are issues for CDC in Mianyang City.The staffing and funding guarantee should be implemented,the personnel education and professional title structure should be improved,the balanced development of regional disease prevention and control institutions should be emphasized,and the overall capacity and level of CDC of the city should be improved.