奥科拉弗《凤凰之书》的后人类黑人生命政治书写

Biopolitical writing of black posthuman in Okorafor's The Book of Phoenix

尼日利亚裔美国作家尼迪·奥科拉弗的科幻小说《凤凰之书》描绘了一个反乌托邦生存图景。新自由主义生物技术产业主导的生命权力对后人类黑人实施身体剥削和主体规训,使之成为“驯顺的肉体”和“臣服的主体”。小说揭示了新自由主义生命政治与种族主义互相勾连,呈现出褫夺边缘人生命的死亡政治向度。同时,小说还赋予后人类黑人群体抵抗生命政治霸权和自我救赎的强大力量,表达了奥科拉弗对技术公正的呼吁和对边缘人群生命权利的深切关怀。

Nigerian-American author Nnedi Okorafor's science fiction The Book of Phoenix portrays a dystopian survival scenario.Biopower dominated by neoliberal biotechnology industry imposes physical exploitation and subject discipline on Black posthuman,turning them into“docile bodies”and“submissive subjects”.Thus,the novel reveals that the neoliberal biopolitics is intertwined with racism,presenting a dimension of necropolitics that takes the lives of marginal groups.At the same time,the novel also endows the Black posthuman group with the influential power to resist the hegemony of biopolitics and to seek self-redemption,which addresses Okorafor's appeal for technological justice and her concerns for the life rights of marginal groups.