2019—2021年山东省成人乙型肝炎疫苗全程接种完成情况分析

Analysis of full vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine in adults in Shandong Province,2019—2021

目的了解2019—2021年山东省成人乙型肝炎疫苗(hepatitis B vaccine,Hep B)受种者Hep B全程接种完成情况,为完善成人Hep B免疫策略提供参考。方法选择山东省免疫规划信息网络管理系统中1992年前出生、2019—2021年接种首针Hep B者,导出其在2022年底前Hep B接种数据,对其3剂次Hep B全程接种完成情况和各剂次间隔时间进行描述性分析。结果本研究纳入受种者665698人,仅接种1剂次、2剂次和3剂次者分别为273985例(41.16%)、102522例(15.40%)和289191例(43.44%);各年份全程接种完成比例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=418.65,P<0.01)。50~<60岁人群全程接种完成比例最高(47.73%)、≥70岁人群全程接种完成比例最低(37.69%),各年龄组全程接种完成比例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2000.00,P<0.01)。城市和农村全程接种完成比例分别为45.01%和41.96%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=632.33,P<0.01)。东部、中部和西部地区全程接种完成比例分别为47.69%、43.32%和35.40%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6300.00,P<0.01)。按照常规免疫程序,第1剂和第2剂间隔约1个月者337609例(86.19%);第2剂次和第3剂次间隔5个月者174524例(60.35%),第1剂次和第3剂次间隔6个月者207709例(71.82%)。结论2019—2021年山东省成年Hep B受种者中全程接种完成比例较低,建议优化成人Hep B免疫程序,提高成人接种服务可及性,保证Hep B接种效果。

Objective To analyze full vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine(Hep B)in adults during 2019—2021 in Shandong Province and provide a reference for improving the adult Hep B immunization strategies.Methods Individuals born before 1992 and vaccinated with the first dose of Hep B between 2019 and 2021 were selected from the Shandong Provincial Immunization Planning Information System before the end of 2022.Descriptive analysis of the full vaccination status and interval time of three doses of Hep B.Results A total of665698 eligible recipients were identified,with only 273985(41.16%)receiving one dose,102522(15.40%)receiving two doses,and 289191(43.44%)completing all three doses.There was a significant difference in the proportion of full vaccination in different years(χ^(2)=418.65,P<0.01).The proportion of full vaccination completion in the 50-<60-year-old group was the highest(47.73%),and that in the≥70-year-old group was the lowest(37.69%).There was a significant difference in the proportion of full vaccination completion among different age groups(χ^(2)=2000.00,P<0.01).The completion rates of full vaccination in urban and rural areas were 45.01%and 41.96%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=632.33,P<0.01).The proportion of full vaccination in eastern,central,and western regions was 47.69%,43.32%,and 35.40%,respectively,with statistical significance(χ^(2)=6300.00,P<0.01).According to routine immunization procedures,337609 cases(86.19%)had an approximately 1-month interval between the first and second doses,while 174524 cases(60.35%)had a 5-month interval between the second and third doses,while 207709 cases(71.82%)had a 6-month interval between the first and third doses.Conclusions The completion rate of adult Hep B vaccination in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2021 was relatively low.It is recommended that the adult Hep B immunization procedures be scientifically optimized,accessibility to adult vaccination services be improved,and the effectiveness of Hep B vaccination be ensured.