中关村科技园国际创新合作网络演化特征——基于PCT专利分析

Evolution characteristics of international innovation cooperation network in Zhongguancun:Based on PCT patent analysis

科技园正日益成为国际创新合作的重点载体,揭示中关村科技园国际创新合作网络的演化特征,对中关村制定国际创新合作政策具有重要参考价值。基于PCT专利合作数据,利用社会网络分析和空间分析方法,在明晰中关村科技园国际创新合作网络发展过程的基础上,探讨其演化特征。研究发现:①中关村科技园国际创新合作网络经历了从初步建立到迅速发展再到转型提升的由低级向高级发展的演化过程。②中关村科技园国际创新合作呈现先扩展后收缩的空间格局变化,美国始终是合作的主要对象。中关村各分园形成朝阳园为主、海淀园和石景山园为副的一主两副核心区,朝阳园-美国合作的空间集聚结构模式逐渐凸现。③中关村科技园国际合作主体数量呈波动增加趋势,本地企业在网络中的核心地位逐渐增强,网络核心主体由跨国公司巨头为主转向本地龙头企业和跨国公司共同发展。④图像通信、无线通信网络和电数字数据处理是当前中关村科技园国际合作的热点技术领域。其中,中关村与美国在图像通信领域合作增加,与英国在电数字数据处理领域合作较多,与日本的合作主要集中在无线通信网络领域。

Science and technology parks are increasingly becoming the key carriers of international innovation cooperation.Revealing the evolution characteristics of the international innovation cooperation network of Zhongguancun has important reference value for Zhongguancun to formulate international innovation cooperation policies.Based on PCT patent cooperation data,using social network analysis and spatial analysis methods,this paper discussed the evolution characteristics of the international innovation cooperation network of Zhongguancun on the basis of clarifying its development process.The research findings are as follows:①The international innovation cooperation network of Zhongguancun has experienced an evolutionary process from low-level to high-level development from initial establishment to rapid development and then to transformation and upgrading.②International innovation cooperation shows a spatial pattern of expansion before contraction.The United States has always been the main target of cooperation.Each sub-park in Zhongguancun has formed a core area with Chaoyang Park as the main area and Haidian Park and Shijingshan Park as the auxiliary areas.The spatial agglomeration structure mode of Chaoyang Park American cooperation has gradually emerged.③The number of international cooperation subjects is increasing in a fluctuating trend.The core position of local enterprises in the network is gradually strengthening.The core subjects of the network have changed from multinational giants to local leading enterprises and multinational companies for common development.④Image communication,wireless communication network and electronic digital data processing are the hot areas of international cooperation in Zhongguancun.Among them,cooperation with the United States in the field of image communication has increased,and cooperation with the United Kingdom in the field of electronic digital data processing has increased;cooperation with Japan mainly focuses on the field of wireless communication networks.