2010-2019年苏州市城区大气污染暴露对不良妊娠结局的影响

Effect of air pollution on adverse pregnancy outcomes in urban area of Suzhou from 2010 to 2019

目的 探讨大气污染暴露对不良妊娠结局的影响,为减少不良妊娠结局的发生提供依据。方法 利用2010年1月1日-2019年12月31日苏州市城区各级医院的出生登记资料,计算各年度不良妊娠结局发生率,用病例对照、logistic回归分析孕母年龄等一般影响因素、6种污染物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、CO、SO_(2)、O_(3)、NO_(2))对不良妊娠结局的影响。结果 十年间不良妊娠结局发生率介于15.09%~17.88%之间,排名前3位的不良妊娠结局依次为巨大儿、早产、低出生低重儿。婴儿性别、孕母年龄、户籍、职业、胎数、胎方位、分娩方式、季节、孕期检查次数对不良妊娠结局的影响有统计学意义(P<0.01)。除NO_(2)外,污染物PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、CO、SO_(2)、O_(3)暴露均与不良妊娠结局的发生存在关联(P<0.05)。结论 妊娠前后大气污染物暴露可对不良妊娠结局产生不良影响。

Objective To understand the effect of air pollution on adverse pregnancy outcomes,and to provide the reference for reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods Using the birth registration data of hospitals at all levels in the urban area of Suzhou from 2010-1-1 to 2019-12-31,the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in each year was calculated. The effects of six kinds of pollutants(PM_(2.5),PM_(10),CO,SO_(2),O_(3) and NO_(2)) on adverse pregnancy outcomes were analyzed by case control and logistic regression. Results The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the past ten years ranged from 15.09% to 17.88%.The top three were macrosomia,premature delivery and low birth weight infants. The influences of infant gender,maternal age,census register,occupation,number of fetuses,fetal position,mode of delivery,delivery season and number of prenatal examinations on adverse pregnancy outcomes were statistically significant. Except NO_(2),the exposure of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),CO,SO_(2) and O_(3) were associated with the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion The exposure of air pollutants before and after pregnancy may have adverse effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes.