统一管理视域下跨省国家公园协同立法

The synergistic legislation of trans⁃provincial national parks from a unified management perspective

建立国家公园的目的之一是保护自然生态系统的原真性、完整性,客观上要求统一管理制度,引入协同立法的重要性日益凸显。在探讨跨省国家公园的概念、特征和共性问题的基础上,总结了跨省国家公园协同立法的实践进展、存在的问题及规范依据,分析了跨省国家公园协同立法面临的困境,并提出相应的对策建议。研究认为:大熊猫国家公园和武夷山国家公园协同立法的成功实践,是国家公园管理跨省协同立法工作的探索创新,还存在一些问题有待完善。跨省国家公园协同立法面临许多困境,主要表现在立法标准的统一难、跨区域立法程序不明晰、立法诉求的多元化、立法的实施与监督难以及额外的立法成本。对此,应当建立健全协同立法的法律制度、进一步规范协同立法工作机制、建立跨省国家公园协调机制、完善协同立法施行及监督机制、健全协同立法的成本分担制度。

The purpose of establishing national parks is to protect the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems,which objectively requires a unified management system,leading to increasingly prominent importance of synergistic legislation.Based on the concept,characteristics and commonality discussions of trans-provincial national parks,this paper summarizes the practical progress,existing problems and normative basis of synergistic legislation in these parks,analyses the dilemmas encountered by them and proposes corresponding countermeasures.The research concludes that the successful practice of synergistic legislation for the Giant Panda National Park and Wuyi Mountain National Park represents an innovation of trans-provincial synergistic legislation for national park management,where some issues still need to be improved.The synergistic legislation in trans-provincial national parks faces many challenges,which are primarily manifested in the difficulty of harmonizing legislative standards,unclear trans-regional legislative procedures,plurality of legislative demands,difficulties in implementing and monitoring legislation,and additional legislative costs.Hence,it is necessary to establish a sound legal system for synergistic legislation,further standardize its working mechanism,establish a coordination system for trans-provincial national parks,improve the implementation and monitoring mechanisms for synergistic legislation,and strengthen its cost-sharing system.