东周楚国丝织物中植物纹艺术特征探析

An Analysis of the Artistic Characteristics of Botanical Patterns in the Silk Fabrics of the Eastern Zhou and Chu States

东周楚墓出土的丝织物中植物纹种类丰富,造型生动多变,是楚人民族精神、审美意趣、价值追求的物化体现。以马山一号楚墓出土的丝织物上的植物纹为研究对象,运用文献研究、图像分析、二重证据互证等研究方法,对丝织物上植物纹的构成形式、审美特征、成因进行探究。研究表明:早在东周时期楚国丝织物上就存在大量植物纹,楚人的自然智慧与文化交流促成植物纹样造型生动、搭配巧妙、工艺技法灵活。适宜的环境、道家思想的影响,促进了植物纹的产生与发展,上层文化与下层文化的交融使植物纹兼具世俗性与礼仪性。

The silk fabrics excavated from the Eastern Zhou Chu tombs are rich in botanical patterns,with vivid and varied shapes,which are the physical embodiment of the Chu people’s national spirit,aesthetic interests,and the pursuit of values.Taking the botanical patterns on the silk fabrics unearthed in Mashan No.1 Chu Tomb as the research object,we use the research methods such as literature research,image analysis,and two-fold evidence to explore the composition form,aesthetic characteristics,and causes of the botanical patterns on the silk fabrics.The research shows that as early as in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty,a large number of botanical patterns exist on the silk fabrics of Chu,and the natural wisdom of the Chu people and cultural exchanges contribute to the vivid styling of the botanical patterns,skillful collocation,and flexible craftsmanship techniques.The suitable environment and the influence of Taoist thought promote the emergence and development of botanical patterns,and the intermingling of upper class and lower class cultures make botanical patterns both secular and ceremonial.