近视眼后极部视网膜形态与厚度的相关性

Correlation between posterior pole retinal shape and thickness in myopic eyes

目的探讨与眼轴长度(AL)相比,视网膜形态对黄斑区视网膜厚度的影响。方法纳入101例志愿者101只眼,根据AL分为无轴性近视组(AL≤24 mm,27只眼)、轻度轴性近视组(AL>24~26 mm,42只眼)和高度轴性近视组(AL>26 mm,32只眼)。使用扫频源光学相干断层扫描获得视网膜厚度参数和眼球后极部图像,比较3组间黄斑中心凹及中心凹周围上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧的视网膜厚度是否存在差异,运用最小二乘法拟合出与后极部视网膜形态最相符的椭圆,评估拟合椭圆的离心率(e)与上述区域视网膜厚度的相关性。结果3组比较,5个区域的视网膜厚度均无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。对于黄斑中心凹视网膜,视网膜厚度与AL、e均无相关性(均P>0.05);对于中心凹周围视网膜,上方、下方、鼻侧视网膜厚度均与AL呈负相关(均P<0.05),上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧视网膜厚度均与e呈负相关(均P<0.05)。e对中心凹周围视网膜厚度的影响比AL更显著。结论黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度与陡峭的视网膜形态无关,中心凹周围视网膜厚度减少与陡峭的视网膜形态密切相关。

Objective To investigate the correlation between retinal shape and thickness in the macular region by comparing with the axial length(AL).Methods A total of 101 volunteers(101 eyes)were included and divided into three groups based on AL:no(AL≤24 mm,27 eyes),mild(AL>24-26 mm,42 eyes),and high(AL>26 mm,32 eyes)axial myopia groups.The retinal thickness parameters and posterior pole images were obtained by optical coherence tomography.The retinal thickness of the fovea and superior,inferior,nasal,and temporal sides of the perifovea were compared among the three groups.The least square method was applied to fit the ellipse that best matched the shape of the posterior pole retina,and the correlation between its eccentricity(e)and retinal thickness was evaluated.Results There were no significant differences in retinal thickness in the five areas among the three groups(all P>0.05).For the fovea,retinal thickness showed no significant correlation with AL and e(both P>0.05).For the perifovea,the thickness of the superior,inferior,and nasal areas negatively correlated with the AL(all P<0.05),and the thickness of the superior,inferior,nasal,and temporal area negatively correlated with e(all P<0.05).On perifoveal retinal thickness,e had a greater impact than AL.Conclusion The foveal retinal thickness is not related,while the perifoveal retinal thickness thinning is closely associated with the steep retinal shape.