临床护士情绪智力潜在类别及其与沟通能力的关系

Potential categories of emotional intelligences among clinical nurses and their relationship with communication ability

目的:调查临床护士情绪智力潜在类别,并探讨其与沟通能力的关系。方法:采用便利整群抽样法,从我国东部、西部、南部、北部和中部各抽取1个省,并从每个省抽取1所三级甲等医院,共抽取4567名临床护士作为研究对象。采用一般人口学资料调查表、情绪智力量表、临床沟通能力测评量表进行调查。结果:临床护士情绪智力可分为低情绪智力型(40.5%)、中情绪智力型(44.5%)、高情绪智力型(15.0%)3个潜在类别,其影响因素包括劳务关系、平均月收入、自评健康状况、参加护患沟通相关培训情况(P<0.05)。临床护士情绪智力总分与沟通能力总分呈正相关(P<0.001)。不同情绪智力潜在类别的临床护士沟通能力总分及各维度得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:临床护士情绪智力存在3个潜在类别,不同潜在类别影响因素不同,情绪智力与沟通能力呈正相关,可采取针对性的措施提升临床护士的情绪智力。

Objective:To investigate the potential categories of emotional intelligences among clinical nurses and explore their relationship with communication ability.Methods:Convenience cluster sampling method was used,1 province was selected from the eastern,western,southern,northern,and central regions of China respectively,and 1 tertiary Grade A hospital was selected from each province.Finally,a total of 4567 clinical nurse were selected.A general demographic survey form,Wong and Law Emotional Intelligences Scale,and Clinical Communication Ability Assessment Scale were investigated.Results:The emotional intelligences among clinical nurses could be divided into three potential categories,such as low emotional intelligence(40.5%),moderate emotional intelligence(44.5%),and high emotional intelligence(15.0%).The influencing factors included labor relations,average monthly income,self⁃assessment of health status,and participation in training on communication between nurse and patient(P<0.05).The total score of emotional intelligences among clinical nurses were positively correlated with the total score of communication ability(P<0.001).The total score and scores in various dimensions of communication ability among clinical nurses with different potential categories of emotional intelligence were compared,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusions:There are three latent categories of emotional intelligences among clinical nurses,and different latent categories have different influencing factors.Emotional intelligences is positively correlated with communication ability,and targeted measures can be taken to improve the emotional intelligences of clinical nurses.