民俗学:面对受难的他者

Folkloristics:Facing the Suffering Other

民俗学不仅要面向已成习俗的民众日常生活,同时也应面对民众的每一个人溢出习惯的非常生活,特别是当民众溢出常态的苦难成了生活的常数,民俗学就更没有理由无视、忽视、漠视甚至坐视。这是因为,民众即每一个人作为民俗学的他者,在受难的经验中向民俗学发出的道德命令,是民俗学先天的存在理由,而民俗学对每一位受难者的回应,必须通过“哲学的道德理性知识”和“道德形而上学”来完成。

Folklore studies should not only focus on customs of people's daily lives but also address the extraordinary aspects that go beyond people routine habits.This is especially important when the suffering that overfows from the norm becomes a constant in people's lives.In such cases,folklore studies have even more reasons not to ignore,overlook,or be indifferent to these experiences.This is because the people,as the“other”in folklore studies,issue a moral imperative to folklore studies through their experiences of suffering.This moral imperative is the inherent reason for the existence of folklore studies.The response of folklore studies to each sufferer must be accomplished through“philosophical moral rational knowledge”and“moral metaphysics.”