教育童话和市民修养——以格林童话《灰姑娘》为例

Educational Fairy Tales and Civic Cultivation:A Case Study of the Grimm's Fairy Tale“Aschenputtel”

格林兄弟被公认为日耳曼学奠基人,他们毕生致力于搜集、整理和研究民间文学。在编写《儿童与家庭童话集》的过程中,格林兄弟的教育观也在发展。格林兄弟将童话视为文学教育学的重要组成部分。在第二版到第七版《儿童与家庭童话集》的编写中,格林兄弟逐渐将其发展为一部“教育之书”,创造出一种“书卷童话风格”。他们特别关注比德迈耶时期市民阶层的家庭价值观,并在童话改编过程中将这种价值观凸显出来。格林童话《灰姑娘》是教育童话的典型代表,灰姑娘的虔诚、恭顺、谦虚、勤奋和善良等品质代表比德迈耶市民阶层的道德追求并在童话中得到高度赞扬。通过教育童话,民族语言、文化和道德的种子在儿童的脑海中扎根,使他们更容易融入社会、民族和文化共同体,成为有修养的市民阶层。

The Grimm Brothers are recognized as the founders of Germanic studies,having dedicated their lives to collecting,organizing,and studying folk literature.During the compilation of Children's and Household Tales,the Grimm Brothers educational views also evolved.They regarded the reception of fairy tales as essential to literary education.From the second to the seventh editions of Children's and Housebold Tales,the Grimm Brothers gradually developed it into a“Erziehungsbuch”,creating a“Buchmarchenstil”They particularly focused on the family values of the Biedermeier period's bourgeoisie and emphasized these values in their adaptations of the tales.The Grimm Brothers'“Aschenputtel”is a quintessential example of an educational fairy tale.Cinderella's faithfulness,obedience,humility,diligence,and kindness refect the moral aspirations of the Biedermeier bourgeoisie and are highly praised in the tale.Through educational fairy tales,the seeds of national language,culture,and morality take root in children's minds,making it easier for them to integrate into societal,national,and cultural communities in the future,thereby growing into well-cultivated citizens.