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清末民初中西“学战”思潮与译名之争

The Ideological and Cultural Underpinnings of the Disputes over Translated Terminology during the Late Qing and Early Republican Period
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摘要 清末民初关于音译与义译的译名之争在中西“学战”思潮的影响下发生,其论争从表面上来看是术语翻译方法的争论,实质上,这场论争表明术语翻译还承载着中国语文改革、教育普及、民族认同和学术近代化等“学战”重任,论争的结果是“义译为主、音译为辅”翻译策略得到广泛认同,并成功走出了西方语音中心主义的话语陷阱。从“学战”思潮反思译名之争,对树立中国语文的文化自信以及构建中国自主的学术话语体系有重要启发。 A series of translation-related controversies broke out during the Late Oing and Early Republican period in China's modern history.The initial debate on transliteration vs.semantic translation of imported Western terms quickly set of a whole series of large-scale disputes over translated terminology.Even though on the surface,these heated debates seem to have been provoked by academic or technical issues only,underneath one detects an ideological confrontation rooted in a still deeper-lying Sino-Western cultural conflict.What was at issue in the controverses over terminology translation,just as what was at issue over the reform of the Chinese language,the way to popularize education,the determination of ethnic identities,and the modernization of China's academy,can all have their root cause traced to a cultural confict between China and the West.These early 2Oth-century debates were eventually settled when semantic translation was established as the preferred method while transliteration was assigned the role as an auxiliary strategy.In reaching a consensus on this solution,Chinese scholars at that time were able to evade the discourse trap of Western phonocentrism.The way they confronted and coped with the issue then still offers a useful lesson now to Chinese scholars who are committed to cultural self-confidence and intellectual independence.
作者 张景华 ZHANG Jinghua(Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan,China)
机构地区 湖南科技大学
出处 《中国翻译》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第5期31-38,191,192,共10页 Chinese Translators Journal
基金 国家社科基金项目“晚清民国西学翻译的术语民族化及其当代价值研究”(项目编号:21BYY055) 湖南省高校社科重点研究基地“近现代中国翻译史研究中心”(项目编号:湘教通[2023]213号)的系列成果
关键词 清末民初 中西“学战” 译名 语音中心主义 the Late Qing and Early Republican Period Sino-Western cultural conflict translated terminology phonocentrism
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