高透光材料的强韧化研究进展

Research Progress in Strengthening and Toughening of High Transparency Materials

玻璃因其高透光性在生产生活中占据重要地位,然而玻璃的固有脆性限制了其广泛应用。在保持高透光率的同时提高玻璃的强度和韧性是玻璃强化需要克服的难题。传统的玻璃强化方式基于已经成型的玻璃板进行设计,限制了玻璃的二次加工。高熵玻璃和微晶玻璃在很大程度上改善了玻璃材料的强度和韧性,但其光学和力学性能还需进一步匹配。受贝壳珍珠层启发的仿生透明复合材料通过构筑“砖-泥”结构使其韧性有了很大提升,成为高透光材料实现增强增韧的可行性方法。本文列举了玻璃从传统到新型结构设计的转变以及性能的突破,为后续高强高韧玻璃的发展提供理论指导。

Glass plays an important role in production and daily life due to its high transparency,but the inherent brittleness limits its widespread application.Improving the strength and toughness of glass while maintaining high transmittance is a challenge.The traditional glass strengthening method is designed based on already formed glass panels,which limits the secondary processing of glass.High entropy glass and glass-ceramic have greatly improved the strength and toughness,but their optical and mechanical properties still need further matching.The transparent composite material inspired by the nacre of shells has greatly improved its toughness by constructing“brick-mud”structure,making it a feasible method for enhancing and toughening high transparency materials.This article lists the transformation and performance breakthroughs of glass from traditional to novel structural design,providing theoretical guidance for the development of high-strength and toughness glass in the future.