吉林蛟河针阔混交林红松和紫椴个体生长的影响因素

Factors affecting individual growth of Pinus koraiensis and Tilia amurensis in coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests in Jiaohe,Jilin Province of northeastern China

【目的】以吉林蛟河针阔混交林优势树种红松、紫椴为研究对象,探究叶性状的种间差异,不同叶性状间的相关性,以及生物(邻域竞争、初始胸径、叶片性状)与非生物因素(地形因子)对树木生长速率的影响。【方法】利用Welch-ANOVA方差分析量化红松、紫椴叶性状的种间差异;利用主成分分析及斯皮尔曼相关系数评估性状间的相关性;利用普通最小二乘模型计算不同因素对红松、紫椴生长速率的相对影响。【结果】红松的光饱和净光合速率、暗呼吸速率显著高于紫椴;紫椴的光饱和气孔导度、比叶面积显著高于红松。红松的光饱和净光合速率与光饱和气孔导度、比叶面积呈正相关;紫椴的光饱和净光合速率与光饱和气孔导度呈正相关,与比叶面积呈负相关。初始胸径、邻域拥挤指数、坡度对红松年均胸径生长量有显著负效应。初始胸径对红松年均生物量生长量有显著正效应,邻域拥挤指数、坡度有显著负效应。初始胸径对紫椴年均胸径生长量有显著负效应,对紫椴年均生物量生长量有显著正效应。海拔对紫椴年均胸径生长量、年均生物量生长量均有显著负效应。【结论】红松、紫椴叶性状表现出显著的种间差异,两物种叶片性状的相关性呈现不同规律。紫椴的生长受初始胸径、海拔的影响。初始胸径越大,年均胸径生长量越低,而年均生物量生长量越高;海拔越高,年均胸径生长量与年均生物量生长量越低。红松的生长受初始胸径、邻域拥挤指数和坡度的影响。初始胸径越大,年均胸径生长量越低,而年均生物量生长量越高;邻域拥挤指数、坡度越大,年均胸径生长量与年均生物量生长量越低。

[Objective]Pinus koraiensis and Tilia amurensis,the dominant tree species in coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests in Jiaohe,Jilin Province of northeastern China,were taken as the research object.We investigated the interspecific differences in leaf traits,correlations among leaf traits,and the effects of biotic factors(neighborhood competition,initial DBH,leaf traits)and abiotic factors(topographical factor)on growth rate of trees.[Method]Welch ANOVA was used to quantify the interspecific differences in leaf traits of Pinus koraiensis and Tilia amurensis.Principal component analysis(PCA)and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to evaluate the correlations among leaf traits.The relative effects of different factors on growth rate of Pinus koraiensis and Tilia amurensis were calculated by ordinary least squares model(OLS).[Result]The light-saturated photosynthetic rate and leaf dark respiration of Pinus koraiensis were significantly higher than those of Tilia amurensis;light-saturated stomatal conductance and specific leaf area of Tilia amurensis were significantly higher than those of Pinus koraiensis.The lightsaturated photosynthetic rate of Pinus koraiensis was positively correlated with light-saturated stomatal conductance and specific leaf area.The light-saturated photosynthetic rate of Tilia amurensis was positively correlated with light-saturated stomatal conductance and negatively correlated with specific leaf area.Initial DBH,neighborhood crowding index and slope had significant negative effects on average annual DBH growth of Pinus koraiensis.Initial DBH had significantly positive effect on average annual biomass growth of Pinus koraiensis,neighborhood crowding index and slope had significantly negative effect.Initial DBH had significantly negative effect on average annual DBH growth and positive effect on average annual biomass growth of Tilia amurensis.Altitude had significant negative effects on the average annual DBH growth and annual biomass growth of Tilia amurensis.[Conclusion]The leaf traits of Pinus koraiensis and Tilia amurensis have significantly interspecific differences,the correlation of leaf traits of two species has different patterns.The growth of Tilia amurensis is affected by the initial DBH and elevation.The larger the initial DBH is,the lower the average annual DBH growth is,and the higher the average annual biomass growth is.The higher the elevation is,the lower the average annual DBH growth and biomass growth is.The growth of Pinus koraiensis is affected by the initial DBH,neighborhood crowding index and slope.The larger the initial DBH is,the lower the average annual DBH growth is,while the higher the average annual biomass growth is.The larger the neighborhood crowding index and slope is,the lower the average annual DBH growth and average annual biomass growth are.