定组态砂带粒度对刨花板磨削的影响

Influence of micro-grit size of precision-shaped abrasive belt on particleboard sanding

【目的】为探究新型定组态砂带的微磨粒粒度对木质材料磨削性能的影响,为定组态砂带的设计和制备提供依据,开展了定组态砂带磨削试验。【方法】本研究制备150目、180目、220目3种不同粒度的定组态砂带(P-150/180/220),与220目的非定组态砂带(O-220)对照,以刨花板为磨削对象,分别开展20万次磨削试验。对比不同微磨粒粒度的定组态砂带在磨削过程中材料去除量、刨花板表面粗糙度、砂带质量的变化,以分析定组态砂带粒度对磨削性能和砂带磨损的影响。【结果】(1)定组态砂带的刨花板去除量小于非定组态砂带,但稳定性远优于非定组态砂带;定组态砂带去除量的平均值与微磨粒粒度负相关,而随着磨粒粒度增大,定组态砂带去除量更加稳定。(2)定组态砂带磨削刨花板的表面粗糙度呈先下降后稳定,小范围上下波动的变化趋势;随着磨粒粒度的增大,刨花板表面粗糙度减小且更加稳定。(3)定组态砂带质量在磨削过程呈波浪形周期性下降;P-150砂带质量损失最快,P-180砂带质量下降最稳定;定组态砂带等效磨粒与表面微磨粒间存在补偿作用和协同作用。【结论】在等效磨粒形状和尺寸相同的情况下,微磨粒粒度对定组态砂带磨削性能有显著影响,但这种差异在粒度小的微磨粒中表现更加明显。本研究为定组态砂带的设计和生产提供了科学依据和理论支撑,促进了木材加工技术和砂带制造技术向高效智能化方向发展。

[Objective]To investigate the effects of micro-grit sizes on the sanding performance of wood materials and to provide a basis for the design and preparation of precision-shaped abrasive belts(PSAs),sanding experiments with PSAs were carried out.[Method]In this study,abrasive belts with grit sizes of 150,180,and 220 meshs(P-150/180/220)were prepared and compared with ordinary coated abrasive belt(OCA)with a grit size of 220(O-220).200000 sanding tests were conducted respectively using particleboards as sanding samples.The material removal amount,surface roughness of particleboards,and mass changes of abrasive belts were compared to analyze the effect of micro-grit sizes of abrasive belt on sanding performance and wear process.[Result](1)The removal amount of particleboard with PSA was less than that with OCA,but the stability of PSA was much better than that of OCA.There was a negative correlation between the average removal amount of particleboard sanded by PSA and the size of micro-grit.The removal amount of PSA became more stable with the increase of grit size.(2)The surface roughness of particleboard sanded by PSA decreased initially,stabilized and fluctuated within a small range.With the increase of grit size,the surface roughness of particleboard decreased and became more convergent.(3)In the sanding process,the mass of PSA showed a periodic wavy decline.The mass loss of P-150 was the fastest,and the mass decline of P-180 was the most stable.There were compensatory and synergistic effects between the equivalent abrasive particle and surface micro-grit.[Conclusion]Under the condition where the shape and size of equivalent abrasive grits are the same,the micro-grit size significantly affects the sanding performance of PSA,particularly in PSA with smaller micro-grit size.This study provides a scientific basis and theoretical support for the design and production of PSAs,promoting the development of wood processing technology and abrasive belt manufacturing technology toward high efficiency and intelligence.