铝粉粒径对CO_(2)相变爆炸激发药剂性能影响研究

Study on Effect of Aluminium Powder Particle Size on Performance of CO_(2)Phase Change Explosion Excitation Agents

为了研究铝粉粒径对CO_(2)相变爆炸激发药剂性能的影响,通过热量法(TG)、引燃试验、耐温试验和反应热试验,研究其热分解特性、安全性、耐温性和反应热的变化。结果表明:加入40、80和120μm的铝粉后,激发药剂的热分解特性无明显变化,含40μm铝粉激发药剂表观活化能降低52.92 kJ/mol,含80μm和120μm铝粉激发药剂表观活化能分别增加55.21 kJ/mol和57.53 kJ/mol。加入不同粒径铝粉后,各试样均能在空气中被引燃,燃烧过程均伴随着白烟产生。其中,加入120μm铝粉的激发药剂与不含铝粉以及含40、80μm铝粉的激发药剂相比燃烧更剧烈。实验结果表明,含不同粒径铝粉的激发药剂均能被电引火药头激发,但试样未被完全引燃。这些激发药剂在封闭环境和一定压力下(大于或等于0.2 MPa)时,能够被可靠引燃且无明显爆炸现象,表明其安全性良好。在70℃保温48 h后,加入铝粉的激发药剂整体并未发生明显变化,温度指数T_(s)在70℃左右,表明其耐温性能良好。当不同粒径的铝粉质量百分数相同时,反应热提高均为12%左右,表明粒径对激发药剂反应热影响很小。

To study the effect of aluminum powder particle size on the performance of CO_(2)phase change explosion exciters,the changes in the thermal decomposition characteristics,safety,temperature resistance,and reaction heat were investigated by the calorimetric method(TG),ignition test,temperature resistance test,and reaction heat test.The results show that the thermal decomposition characteristics of the excitation agent did not change significantly after adding 40、80 and 120μm aluminum powders.However,the apparent activation energy of the activator was significantly different.The apparent activation energy of the excitation agent containing 40μm aluminum powder decreased by 52.92 kJ/mol.Still,the apparent activation energy of the excitation agent containing 80μm and 120μm aluminum powders increased by 55.21 and 57.53 kJ/mol,respectively.After adding different particle sizes of aluminum powder,each sample can be ignited in the air,and the combustion process is accompanied by white smoke.Among them,the excitation agent with 120μm aluminum powder burns more violently than that without aluminum powder and that with 40 and 80μm aluminum powder.The experimental results show that the excitation agents containing different particle sizes of aluminum powder can be excited by the electric primer,but the sample is not completely ignited.When these excitation agents are in a closed environment and under a certain pressure(greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa),they can be reliably ignited without an obvious explosion phenomenon,indicating that their safety is good.After holding at 70℃for 48 h,the overall excitation agent added with aluminum powder did not change significantly,and the temperature index T s was about 70℃,indicating that its temperature resistance was good.When the mass percentage of aluminum powder with different particle sizes is the same,the increase in reaction heat is about 12%,indicating that the particle size has little effect on the reaction heat of the excitation agents.