碳纤维/橡胶和炭黑/橡胶复合材料力学性能及裂纹扩展损伤有限元模拟

Finite Element Simulation of Mechanical Properties and Crack Propagation Damage of Carbon Fiber and Carbon Black Reinforced Rubber Composite Materials

为了研究碳纤维/橡胶复合材料和炭黑/橡胶复合材料的力学性能及裂纹扩展机制,首先分析了不同体积分数填充物对复合材料力学性能的影响,然后基于扩展有限元法研究了碳纤维/橡胶复合材料和炭黑/橡胶复合材料裂纹扩展损伤演化,探究了单轴载荷下增强体体积分数对橡胶材料裂纹扩展过程中撕裂能和J积分的影响,分析了碳纤维和炭黑增强橡胶基复合材料裂纹扩展损伤规律。结果表明,橡胶复合材料随着增强体体积分数的增大,其有效弹性模量也增大,在大变形条件下材料的力学性能随着增强体体积分数的增加有显著改善。增强体在橡胶复合材料的裂纹扩展过程中可以有效抑制裂纹的扩展过程,但增强体的体积分数并不是越大越好,随着体积分数变大,材料的抗断裂性能有减弱的可能,炭黑和碳纤维增强体的体积含量分别为15%和10%时,在裂纹扩展的过程中所消耗的能量较小。

In order to study the mechanical properties and crack propagation mechanism of carbon fiber/rubber composites and carbon black/rubber composites,the effects of different volume fractions of fillers on the mechanical properties of composites were firstly analyzed.Then,the crack propagation damage evolution of carbon fiber/rubber composites and carbon black/rubber composites was studied based on the extended finite element method.The effects of reinforcement volume fraction on the tearing energy and J integral of rubber material in the process of crack propagation under uniaxial load were explored,and the crack propagation damage law of carbon fiber and carbon black reinforced rubber matrix composites was analyzed.The results show that the effective elastic modulus of rubber composites increases with the increase of reinforcement volume fraction.