人口老龄化背景下农村老年人体育发展困境及应对策略

The Dilemma and Countermeasures of Rural Elderly Sports Development under the Background of Population Aging

运用文献资料法、实地调研法等研究方法,揭示了农村老年人体育发展困境:“守家园”的老年人参与体育健身意识不强,老年人使用智能手机参与线上健身有难度,农村老年人体育设施与老龄化程度不相匹配,农村养老金太少影响了老年人参与体育健身的积极性。剖析农村老年人体育发展困境的成因:农村“空心村”问题严重,老年人体育认知水平较低;老年人文化水平较低,接受新生事物能力较差;农村基层体育管理体制缺位,对老年人体育重视不够;农村人口基数太大,多买多得的养老金政策问题。并提出农村老年人体育发展困境的应对策略:吸引农民工回流减轻老年人负担,增强老年人参与体育健身的意识;开展智能手机使用培训,解决老年人参与线上健身难题;建设乡村智慧健身长廊和文体广场,弥补老年人体育场地设施不足;提高农民养老金待遇,夯实老年人体育健身基础。

Through the methods of literature,site inspection and so on,this paper reveals the dilemma of sports development of the rural elderly:“the elderly who keep staying in home”have little time for physical exercise,the elderly will very little use the Internet to obtain online sports resources,the elderly sports facilities do not match the degree of rural aging,and the rural pension is too little,which affects the enthusiasm of the elderly to participate in physical exercise.This paper analyzes the causes of the plight of the development of sports for the elderly:the serious problem of“hollow villages”in rural areas in the process of urbanization,the poorer ability of the elderly to accept new things due to their low cultural level,the absence of rural grass-roots sports management system,and the pension policy of buying more and getting more in rural areas.And put forward the countermeasures for the plight of the development of sports for the elderly:attracting migrant workers to return,increasing the elderly sports population,carrying out intelligent training to solve the difficulties of the elderly in using sports intelligent technology,strengthening the construction of sports venues and facilities for the elderly,improving farmers’pension treatment,and consolidate the foundation of sports fitness for the elderly.