数字化转型如何影响企业技术创新?——基于内外双重视角的实证研究

How Does Digital Transformation Influence Technological Innovation of Enterprises?

数字化转型对企业技术创新能力提升与竞争优势重塑具有重要意义。本文基于中国A股上市公司样本数据,实证考察数字化转型对企业技术创新的影响及作用机制。结果发现:数字化转型显著促进企业技术创新“增投”“扩量”“改质”及“提效”;机制研究表明,数字化转型能够通过对内提升人力资本水平和改善信息披露质量,对外缓解供应链集中度与降低环境不确定性促进企业技术创新;异质性分析发现,数字化转型对非劳动密集企业与领导企业的技术创新产出和效率,知识产权保护较强地区企业创新投入、质量与效率以及市场化水平较低地区企业整体技术创新水平的积极影响均更为明显。为此,政府应全力支持企业数字化转型,企业需主动选择适用性数字化转型方案,同时也需重视发挥领导企业在行业数字化转型中的示范作用,以此全面促进企业技术创新。

Digital transformation plays an important role in improving technology innovation ability and reshaping competitive advantage of enterprises.Based on the sample data of China's A-share listed companies,this paper empirically examines the impact and mechanism of digital transformation on enterprise technology innovation.The results show that digital transformation can promote enterprise technology innovation significantly by increasing investment,expanding quantity,improving quality,and improving efficiency.Mechanism research shows that digital transformation can promote enterprise technology innovation by improving the level of human capital and the quality of information disclosure internally,alleviating the concentration of supply chain and reducing the uncertainty of the environment externally.Heterogeneity analysis shows that digital transformation has more significant positive effects on innovation output and efficiency of non-labor-intensive enterprises and leading enterprises,innovation input,quality and efficiency of enterprises in regions with strong intellectual property protection,and overall technology innovation level of enterprises in regions with low marketization level.Therefore,the government should fully support the digital transformation of enterprises and enterprises should take the initiative to choose the applicable digital transformation scheme.At the same time,it is also necessary to attach importance to the exemplary role of leading enterprises in the digital transformation of the industry,so as to comprehensively promote the technological innovation of enterprises.