全面抗战时期广西森林资源利用中的央地博弈

Power Contention between the Central Government and the Local Government in Forest Resources Utilizing of Guangxi Province from 1937 to 1945

央地博弈是近代森林国有化进程所面临的挑战。全面抗战爆发后,因湘桂、黔桂铁路建设需要大量枕木,广西森林成为战略资源。筑路期间,国民政府交通部默许广西省政府采伐包括国有天然林在内的木材制枕。而后者开发南丹县天然林的计划、通过广西企业公司接管原省营林场的行为,则招致农林部和经济部反对。随后,双方又在设立百寿山林管理局一案中达成和解。全面抗战时期围绕广西森林资源所展开的央地博弈,既体现了现代国家确定森林资源权益的努力,又反映了战时地方军政实力派对中央的制衡。

The power contention between the central government and the local government was an inevitable problem in the nationalization process of forests in modern time.During the war of resistance against Japanese aggression,the forests in the Guangxi Province became the strategic resource which attributed to the demand for laying sleepers of the Hunan-Guangxi railway and Guizhou-Guangxi railway.The Guangxi provincial government had got the permission of the Ministry of Communications of the National Government to log trees for producing sleepers.But the natural forests developing in Nandan county and local company taking over province-owned forest farms which proposed by the local government were both opposed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the Ministry of Economy.However,the central government and the local government reached accommodation in the case of establishing the Baishou Mountain Forestry Management Bureau.This contest for utilizing the forest resources between the central government and the local government reflected the central government's effort on defining the scope of forest resources and also reflected the influence of local military strength on the power contention during the war of resistance against Japanese aggression.