电化学原理与酸碱性介质对氧化还原反应的影响——原电池和电解池实验的改进

Improvement of Galvanic Cell and Electrolytic Cell Experiments

电化学是无机化学理论和实验课程的重点内容,然而该内容抽象不易掌握。为加深学生对电化学理论知识的理解和应用,对原有“原电池和电解池实验”进行改进,以期增加趣味性和可操作性,激发学生对化学实验的兴趣。首先,利用白凉粉的凝固性制备凝胶电解质,增加原电池的电流和操作稳定性。其次,利用电解食盐水的“放氢生碱”原理使高锰酸钾变色,通过直观的颜色变化加深对电解池原理的理解。最后,通过滴加氨水制备浓差电池,并用能斯特方程解释电压改变的原因。该改进实验内容丰富,有助于提升学生发现问题解决问题的能力,激发学生的创新意识。

Electrochemistry is a key component of inorganic chemistry theory and experimental courses.However,it can be difficult for students to grasp due to its abstract nature.To deepen students'understanding and application of electrochemical theory and to make the original“primary battery and electrolytic cell experiment”more interesting and operationally feasible,improvements have been made to increase the stability and current of the original cell by using gel electrolytes made from the gelling properties of cornstarch.Additionally,the principle of“hydrogen release producing alkali”in electrolyzing saline water is utilized,resulting in the color change of potassium permanganate,which enhances the understanding of the principles of electrolytic cells through visual recognition.Finally,a concentration cell is prepared by dropwise addition of ammonia,and the voltage change is explained using the Nernst Equation.This innovative experiment design enriches the practical content of the course,enhances students'problem-solving ability,and stimulates their creativity.