学生发展增值评价研究的回顾、反思与展望

Review,Reflection and Prospects of Research on Value-added Evaluation of Student Development

增值评价是一种发展性评价方式,属于过程性评价范畴。国外学生增值评价研究主要集中于增值评价模型的研究,多出现在学校效能评价和教师效能评价的研究之中,主要采用学生标准化考试成绩的改变来评估学校的教育质量。不同的增值评价模型形式各异、内容多样,在构建有效增值评价模型测量学生的“增值”时,需要考虑增值评价模型的不同功能,从而有针对性地进行构建。我国学生增值评价研究主要集中在增值评价的构成要素、评价内容、评价方法及模型运用等方面。增值评价的理念从“注重学生成绩的唯一性”到“重视学生全面发展”;其目标“重过程”;其内容从“重成绩”到“重学生核心素养的培养”,体现了学生增值评价理论的不断发展与完善。总体来看,国内增值评价模型研究正处于探索阶段,且随着大数据、云计算、5G技术等的不断发展,相关模型的研究需要更多的技术支持。增值评价模型的研究重心在于增值评价的实施,探讨科学反映学生“增值”的模型或技术方法,旨在精确地描述学生的增值状况。未来学生发展增值评价研究,需加强增值评价在教育教学实践中的应用研究,提升评价实施的有效性;加强增值评价模型优化的研究,提高评价手段的可行性和实用性;加强学生发展增值评价指标体系的研究,促进学生全面发展。

Value-added evaluation is a formative evaluation method that falls under the category of process evaluation.Research on value-added assessment among international students has primarily focused on value-added assessment models,often appearing in studies related to school and teacher effectiveness evaluations.These studies use changes in students’standardized test scores to assess the quality of school education.Different value-added evaluation models vary in form and content,requiring consideration of various functions when constructing an effective model for measuring student“value added.”In China,research on student value-added evaluation has concentrated on constituent elements,evaluation content,methods,and application of value-added evaluation models.The concept of value-added evaluation has evolved from emphasizing the uniqueness of student achievement to prioritizing comprehensive student development,and its goal now emphasizes the process rather than just outcomes.The focus has shifted from grades to cultivating students’core competencies,reflecting the ongoing development and refinement of theories surrounding student valueadded evaluation.In China,research into value-added evaluation models is still exploratory.With advancements in big data,cloud computing,5G technology etc.,there’s a need for more technical support for relevant models research.The primary focus lies in implementing effective ways to reflect students’“value added”scientifically through modeling or technological methods with precision.Future efforts should be made to strengthen the practical application of value-added evaluation within educational practices to enhance their effectiveness,optimize research into these assessments’models to improve feasibility and usability,as well as develop a comprehensive system for assessing students’developmental progress effectively.