Bikini切口直接前入路人工全髋关节置换术的学习曲线分析

Analysis of Learning Curve of Bikini Incision Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty

目的探讨Bikini切口直接前入路人工全髋关节置换术(Bikini incision direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty,Bikini-THA)的学习曲线。方法回顾性分析2020年3月~2023年3月一位熟练掌握后外侧入路和传统直接前入路THA的术者最初完成的80例Bikini-THA的临床资料,通过手术时间和出血量的散点图观察学习曲线。按手术先后顺序分为A~D组,每组20例。比较4组手术时间、术中出血量、髋臼杯外展角、前倾角、股骨柄-髓腔轴线夹角、术后髋关节Harris评分及并发症。结果约40例之后手术时间和术中出血量下降趋势放缓并趋于平稳。4组手术时间和出血量均A组>B组>C、D组(P<0.05),C组和D组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。4组均髋臼假体位置良好(外展角30°~50°,前倾角5°~25°);股骨假体中心固定率(股骨柄-髓腔轴线夹角≤3°)A组<C、D组(P=0.003,0.003)。4组术后2周、1个月、3个月、12个月髋关节Harris评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后12个月疗效评价均为优。A组并发症5例(大转子骨折2例,股外侧皮神经损伤3例),B组并发症3例(大转子骨折1例,股外侧皮神经损伤1例,切口感染1例),C组并发症1例(股外侧皮神经损伤),D组无并发症发生。随访12~26个月,(19.4±4.7)月,均无假体脱位、松动等并发症发生。结论Bikini-THA学习曲线大约为40例。

Objective To explore the learning curve of Bikini incision direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty(Bikini-THA).Methods Clinical data of 80 cases of Bikini-THA initially completed by an operator skilled in posterolateral approach and direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty from March 2020 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and the learning curve was observed by scatter plots of operative time and intraoperative bleeding.They were divided into groups A to D according to the order of surgery,with 20 cases in each group.The operative time,intraoperative bleeding,acetabular abduction angle,anteversion angle,angle between stem and femoral axis,postoperative hip Harris score and complications were compared among the 4 groups.Results After about 40 cases,the decreasing trend of operative time and intraoperative bleeding slowed down and stabilized.The operative time and intraoperative bleeding in the 4 groups were group A>group B>groups C and D(P<0.05),and the differences between the group C and group D were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The acetabular prosthesis was well-positioned in the 4 groups(abduction angle of 30°-50°,anteversion angle of 5°-25°).The femoral prosthesis center fixation rate(angle between stem and femoral axis≤3°)was group A<groups C and D(P=0.003,0.003).The differences in the Harris scores of the hip joints at 2 weeks,1 month,3 months,and 12 months postoperatively of the 4 groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05),and the efficacy evaluations of the hip joints at 12 months postoperatively were all excellent.There were 5 cases of complications in the group A(2 cases of greater trochanter fracture and 3 cases of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury),3 cases of complications in the group B(1 case of greater trochanteric fracture,1 case of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury,and 1 case of incision infection),1 case of complications in the group C(lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury),and no complications in the group D.The follow-up period lasted for 12-26 months,with a mean of(19.4±4.7)months.There were no complications such as dislocation or loosening of the prosthesis.Conclusion The Bikini-THA learning curve was approximately 40 cases.