天麻及其有效成分治疗帕金森病的药理机制研究进展

Advances in the Pharmacological Mechanism of Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma)and Its Active Ingredients for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease

帕金森病作为我国乃至全球范围内的一种主要神经退行性疾病,其发病机制复杂且缺乏有效治疗药物,尽管现代医学在一定程度上能够控制病情发展,但不良反应亦不容忽视,近年来中医药在治疗帕金森病方面卓有成效,已成为重要的治疗手段之一。其中天麻作为治疗帕金森病常用的高频核心中药之一,其祛风通络、平抑肝阳、息风止痉的多种功效,使其在帕金森病的防治中展现出确切的优势。天麻化学成分颇为复杂,其中天麻素、天麻醚苷、天麻多糖、B-甾醇以及有机酸等为主要有效成分。这些成分通过多种途径在抗氧化应激、改善线粒体功能、诱导自噬、抑制蛋白异常聚集、抑制细胞凋亡以及减轻神经炎症等方面发挥抗帕金森病的作用。文章对天麻抗帕金森病的药理机制进行了深入的综述,以明确天麻及其有效成分治疗该病的相关信号通路,旨在为帕金森病的研究及治疗提供理论依据与参考。期望通过不断地研究与探索,进一步挖掘天麻的药用价值,为帕金森病的治疗带来新的突破与希望。

Parkinson's disease as a major neurodegenerative diseases in China and the world,its pathogenesis is complex and lack of effective treatment drugs,although modern medicine to a certain extent can control the development of the disease,but the side effects should not be ignored,in recent years,traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease is very fruitful,and has become one of the important means of treatment.As one of the high-frequency core Chinese medicines commonly used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease,Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma)has a variety of efficacies such as dispelling wind and relaxing collaterals,calming liver yang,quenching wind and stopping spasms,which makes it show its definite advantages in the prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease.The chemical composition of Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma)is quite complex,in which Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma),Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma)ether glycosides,Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma)polysaccharides,B-sterols and organic acids are the main active ingredients.These components play an anti-Parkinson's disease role through a variety of pathways,including anti-oxidative stress,improvement of mitochondrial function,induction of autophagy,inhibition of abnormal protein aggregation,inhibition of apoptosis,and reduction of neuroinflammation.In this paper,an in-depth review of the pharmacological mechanisms of Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma)against Parkinson's disease was conducted to clarify the relevant signaling pathways of Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma)and its active ingredients in the treatment of this disease,aiming to provide theoretical basis and reference for the research and treatment of Parkinson's disease.It is expected that through continuous research and exploration,the medicinal value of Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma)will be further explored,bringing new breakthroughs and hope for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.