以个体化运动训练为核心的心脏康复方案对冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后康复效果的影响

Effect of individual exercise training as the core cardiac rehabilitation program on the rehabilitation of patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention

目的探讨以个体化运动训练为核心的心脏康复方案对冠心病(CHD)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗后康复效果的影响。方法选择2021年1月至2023年12月接受PCI治疗的81例CHD患者,以简单随机数字表法随机分成观察组(41例)、对照组(40例),对照组予以常规术后康复方案干预,观察组予以个体化运动训练为核心的心脏康复方案干预。比较两组患者康复效果、干预前和干预3个月后心功能[左室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)]、运动耐力[6分钟步行距离(6MWD)、最大运动负荷]、生活质量[西雅图心绞痛调查量表(SAQ)评分]水平变化。结果观察组康复总有效率较对照组更高(P<0.05)。干预前,两组LVEF、LVEDD、6MWD、最大运动负荷及SAQ量表各维度评分比较无差异(P>0.05);干预后,两组LVEF、6MWD、最大运动负荷及SAQ量表各维度评分均高于干预前,观察组高于对照组(t=3.345、2.480、3.165、5.016、2.059、4.582、7.443、3.353,P<0.05),两组LVEDD均低于干预前,观察组低于对照组(t=3.335,P<0.05)。结论以个体化运动训练为核心的心脏康复方案可改善CHD患者PCI治疗后心功能、运动耐力,并提升患者生活质量,值得临床应用。

Objective To investigate the effect of individual exercise training on the rehabilitation of patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 81 patients between January 2021 and December 2023 were randomly allocated into an observation group(n=41)and a control group(n=40)using a simple random number Tab.method.The control group received routine post⁃operative rehabilitation intervention,while the observation group received individualized exercise training as the core component of cardiac rehabilitation intervention.The study compared the effects of rehabilitation,cardiac function parameters[left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD)],exercise endurance measures[6-minute walking distance(6MWD)],and quality of life assessed by Seattle Angina Pecina Scale(SAQ)scores between the two groups before and after a three-month intervention period.Results The total recovery response rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).LVEF,LVEDD,6 MWD,maximum exercise load and SAQ scales(P>0.05),LVEF were higher than before intervention(t=3.345,2.480,3.165,5.016,2.059,4.582,4.443,3.353,P<0.05),and LVEDD was lower than before intervention(t=3.335,P<0.05).Conclusion The individualized exercise training-based cardiac rehabili⁃tation program demonstrates potential for enhancing cardiac function and exercise endurance in patients with CHD following PCI,thereby improving their overall quality of life.This finding holds significant clinical implications.