东莞市东部地区8919例女性HPV感染及基因型分布

HPV infection and genotype distribution among 8 919 women in the eastern region of Dongguan city

目的 分析东莞市东部地区女性人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染的现状特点,为该地区HPV感染的干预措施、宫颈癌(CC)的早期筛查及接种HPV疫苗方案的制定提供理论依据。方法 选择2021年9月至2023年6月在该院接受HPV分型检测的女性8 919例。根据年龄分为5组:≤30岁组(2 159例)、>30~40岁组(3 501例)、>40~50岁组(2 291例)、>50~60岁组(787例)及大于60岁组(181例)。按照时间平均分为2个时间段,A组为2021年9月至2022年7月(4 565例),B组为2022年8月至2023年6月(4 354例),统计分析不同年龄、不同时间段HPV感染情况。结果 HPV感染的总检出率为30.14%,其中单一型感染率为69.38%,多重型感染率为30.62%,较常见的高危型(HR-HPV)为HPV52、58、16、53、51型,较常见的低危型(LR-HPV)为HPV81、6型。HPV感染年龄分布呈“U”型双峰曲线,高峰分别为小于或等于30岁及大于60岁,其中大于60岁组感染率最高,各年龄组感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同时间段HPV感染特点不同,其中A组较常见HR-HPV为HPV52、16、53、68、58型,常见LR-HPV为HPV81、42型;B组较常见HR-HPV为HPV52、58、16、56、51型,常见LR-HPV为HPV81、11型。结论 东莞市东部地区HPV感染基因型繁多,现状不容乐观,以单一HR-HPV感染为主,常见基因型为HPV52、58、16、53、51型,应针对不同年龄和地域特点开展CC防治策略。

Objective To analyze the current characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection among women in the eastern region of Dongguan City,providing a theoretical basis for intervention measures against HPV infection,early screening for cervical cancer(CC),and the formulation of HPV vaccination programs in this region.Methods A total of 8919 women who underwent HPV genotyping tests at this hospital from September 2021 to June 2023 were selected.They were divided into five age groups:≤30 years group(2159 cases),>30-40 years group(3501 cases),>40-50 years group(2291 cases),>50-60 years group(787 cases),and>60 years group(181 cases).The study period was evenly divided into two time periods:Group A from September 2021 to July 2022(4565 cases)and Group B from August 2022 to June 2023(4354 cases).The HPV infection status across different ages and time periods was statistically analyzed.Results The overall detection rate of HPV infection was 30.14%,with a single-type infection rate of 69.38%and a multiple-type infection rate of 30.62%.The more common high-risk HPV(HR-HPV)types were HPV52,58,16,53,and 51 type,while the more common low-risk HPV(LR-HPV)types were HPV81 and 6 type.The age distribution of HPV infection showed a“U”-shaped bimodal curve,with peaks at≤30 years and>60 years,with the highest infection rate in the>60 years group.There were statistically significant differences in infection rates among different age groups(P<0.05).The characteristics of HPV infection varied across time periods.In group A,the more common HR-HPV types were HPV52,16,53,68,and 58 type,while the common LR-HPV types were HPV81 and 42 type.In group B,the more common HR-HPV types were HPV52,58,16,56,and 51 type,and the common LR-HPV types were HPV81 and 11 type.Conclusion The HPV infection genotypes in the eastern region of Dongguan City are diverse,and the current situation is not optimistic,with a predominance of single HR-HPV types infections,particularly HPV52,58,16,53,and 51 type.CC prevention and control strategies should be tailored to different age and regional characteristics.