支气管哮喘患儿规范化治疗的随访研究

Follow-up Observation of Children with Asthma After Standardized Therapy

目的:探讨规范化治疗2年以上支气管哮喘(以下简称哮喘)患儿的肺功能指标和呼出气一氧化氮(FENO)水平的变化。方法:选取2017年1月—2022年12月天津市滨海新区塘沽妇产医院儿科哮喘专病门诊规范化治疗2年以上的101例哮喘患儿作为研究对象。将其分为控制组与控制不佳组、单一致敏组与多重致敏组、起病≤3岁组与起病>3岁组。比较各组患儿规范化治疗前、治疗6个月、1年、2年的肺功能指标和FENO水平;比较101例患儿规范化治疗后肺功能指标及FENO水平的变化。结果:规范化治疗2年,控制组肺功能指标高于控制不佳组,FENO水平低于控制不佳组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.687、6.908、9.334、8.759、7.993、-2.429,P<0.05);单一致敏组与多重致敏组及起病≤3岁组与起病>3岁组的肺功能指标及FENO水平,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。101例患儿肺功能指标及FENO水平在规范化治疗后均明显改善,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.003,-7.465,-5.592,-6.523,-5.947,3.264;P<0.05)。结论:早期、长程、规范化治疗儿童哮喘,能有效改善其肺功能,降低FENO水平。

Objective:To investigate the changes of lung function and FENO in children with asthma after 2 years of standardized treatment.Methods:101 children with asthma who received standardized treatment in the pediatric asthma clinic of Tanggu Maternity Hospital of Binhai New Area of Tianjin for more than 2 years from January 2017 to December 2022 were selected.They were divided into control group and poor control group,single consistent sensitization group and multiple sensitization group,onset≤3 years old group and>3 years old group.The pulmonary function indexes and FENO levels were compared before standardized treatment,6 months,1 year and 2 years.The changes of pulmonary function index and FENO level in 101 children were compared after standardized treatment.Results:After two years after standard treatment,pulmonary function in the control group was higher than in the poor control group,FENO was lower than in the poor control group(t=6.687,6.908,9.334,8.759,7.993,-2.429;P<0.05).There were no significant differences Pulmonary function and FENO in the single-sensitized group and multiple-sensitized group,onset≤3 years old group and onset>3 years old group in(P>0.05).The pulmonary function and FENO were significantly improved in 101 children with asthma after standardized treatment(t=-2.003,-7.465,-5.592,-6.523,-5.947,3.264;P<0.05).Conclusion:After early,long-term and standardized treatment,the pulmonary function and FENO in children with asthma were significantly improved.